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Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a cryptographic protocol that leverages quantum mechanics to distribute a secret among multiple parties. With respect to the classical counterpart, in QSS the secret is encoded into quantum states and shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Alessio Di Santo , Walter Tiberti , Dajana Cassioli

We propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that enables three parties agree at once on a shared common random bit string in presence of an eavesdropper without use of entanglement. We prove its unconditional security and analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-23 Ryutaroh Matsumoto

We propose an efficient, measurement-based quantum dialogue protocol through non-destructive discrimination (NDD) of cluster state. We use ancilla-based measurements that allow the state to be reused without destroying its entanglement. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Mandar Thatte , Shreya Banerjee , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

Quantum state discrimination underlies various applications in quantum information processing tasks. It essentially describes the distinguishability of quantum systems in different states, and the general process of extracting classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Joonwoo Bae , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Any Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol consists first of sequences of measurements that produce some correlation between classical data. We show that these correlation data must violate some Bell inequality in order to contain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Gisin , Lluis Masanes

In this paper, a novel multi-party quantum private comparison (MQPC) protocol for equality comparison with n-level single-particle states is constructed, where the encoded particles are transmitted in a circular way. Here, n parties employ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-23 Chong-Qiang Ye , Tian-Yu Ye

In this work, we present a quantum secret sharing scheme based on Bell state entanglement and sequential projection measurements. The protocol verifies the $n$ out of $n$ scheme and supports the aborting of the protocol in case all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-17 Farhan Musanna , Sanjeev Kumar

Semi-quantum secret sharing (SQSS) protocols serve as fundamental frameworks in quantum secure multi-party computations, offering the advantage of not requiring all users to possess intricate quantum devices. However, the current landscape…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 Li Jian , Chong-Qiang Ye

Since the invention of Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol, many quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols have been proposed and some protocols are operated even in field environments. One of the striking features of QKD is that QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-18 Hiroki Takesue , Toshihiko Sasaki , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masato Koashi

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol was proposed to remove all the detector side channel attacks, while its security relies on the trusted encoding systems. Here we propose a one-sided MDI-QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-18 Wen-Fei Cao , Yi-Zheng Zhen , Yu-Lin Zheng , Li Li , Zeng-Bing Chen , Nai-Le Liu , Kai Chen

Quantum entanglement plays a pivotal role in many communication protocols, like secret sharing and quantum cryptography. We consider a scenario where more than two parties are involved in a protocol and share a multipartite entangled state.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-06 Arpan Das , Sumit Nandi , Sk Sazim , Pankaj Agrawal

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two parties to establish a shared secret key that is secure against all-powerful adversaries. One such protocol named B92 is quite appealing due to its simplicity but is highly sensitive to channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

We provide various schemes for the splitting up of Quantum information into parts using the four and five partite cluster states. Explicit protocols for the Quantum information splitting (QIS) of single and two qubit states are illustrated.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sreraman Muralidharan , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

In the Gaussian-modulated coherent state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, the sender first generates Gaussian distributed random numbers and then encodes them on weak laser pulses actively by performing amplitude and phase…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the possibility for two individuals to communicate a securely encrypted message. From the time of its inception in 1984 by Bennett and Brassard, QKD has been the result of intense research. One…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Frédéric Bouchard , Alicia Sit , Khabat Heshami , Robert Fickler , Ebrahim Karimi

An efficient quantum cryptography network protocol is proposed with d-dimension polarized photons, without resorting to entanglement and quantum memory. A server on the network, say Alice, provides the service for preparing and measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Chun-Yan Li , Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Ping Zhou , Yu-Jie Liang , Hong-Yu Zhou

Quantum correlations between parts of a composite system most clearly reveal themselves through entanglement. Designing, maintaining, and controlling entangled systems is very demanding, which raises the stakes for understanding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Matthew A. Hunt , Igor V. Lerner , Igor V. Yurkevich , Yuval Gefen

Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-04 Joshua A. Slater , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner , Wolfgang Tittel

The advent of quantum key distribution (QKD) has revolutionized secure communication by providing unconditional security, unlike classical cryptographic methods. However, its effectiveness relies on robust identity authentication, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Arindam Dutta

A scheme for multiparty quantum state sharing of an arbitrary two-particle state is presented with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs. Any one of the $N$ agents has the access to regenerate the original state with two local unitary operations if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou