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A widely used tool for analysing the Covid-19 pandemic is the standard SIR model. It seems often to be used as a black box, not taking into account that this model was derived as a special case of the seminal Kermack-McKendrick theory from…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-16 Matthias Kreck , Erhard Scholz

We study the minimum eradication time problem for controlled Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic models that incorporate vaccination control and time-varying infected and recovery rates. Unlike the SIR model with constant rates,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Jiwoong Jang , Yeoneung Kim

The fractional order system, which is described by the fractional order derivative and integral, has been studied in many engineering areas. Recently, the concept of fractional order has been generalized to the distributed order concept,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-12-12 Pham Luu Trung Duong , Moonyong Lee

The COVID-19 outbreak has stimulated the interest in the proposal of novel epidemiological models to predict the course of the epidemic so as to help planning effective control strategies. In particular, in order to properly interpret the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Andrea Zugarini , Enrico Meloni , Alessandro Betti , Andrea Panizza , Marco Corneli , Marco Gori

Recent work by Erik Volz [arXiv:0705.2092] has shown how to calculate the growth and eventual decay of an SIR epidemic on a static random network, assuming infection and recovery each happen at constant rates. This calculation allows us to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-08 Joel C. Miller

Based on the classical SIR model, we derive a simple modification for the dynamics of epidemics with a known incubation period of infection. The model is described by a system of integro-differential equations. Parameters of our model…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-01 David B. Saakian

The study of epidemiological systems has generated deep interest in exploring the dynamical complexity of common infectious diseases driven by seasonally varying contact rates. Mathematical modeling and field observations have shown that,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Jorge Duarte , Cristina Januário , Nuno Martins , Jesús Seoane , Miguel AF Sanjuán

We propose a new dynamic SIR model that, in contrast with the available model on time scales, is biological relevant. For the new SIR model we obtain an explicit solution, we prove the asymptotic stability of the extinction and disease-free…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-14 Márcia Lemos-Silva , Sandra Vaz , Delfim F. M. Torres

The aim of this study is to propose a modified Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model that describes the behaviour of symptomatic, asymptomatic and hospitalized patients of COVID-19 epidemic, including the effect of demographic…

Models for resident infectious diseases, like the SIRS model, may settle into an endemic state with constant numbers of susceptible ($S$), infected ($I$) and recovered ($R$) individuals, where recovered individuals attain a temporary…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-05 Daniel Henrik Nevermann , Claudius Gros

We study a stochastic process describing the onset of spreading dynamics of an epidemic in a population composed by individuals of three classes: susceptible (S), infected (I), and recovered (R). The stochastic process is defined by local…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 David R. de Souza , Tânia Tomé

Our paper presents three new classes of models: SIR-PH, SIR-PH-FA, and SIR-PH-IA, and states two problems we would like to solve about them. Recall that deterministic mathematical epidemiology has one basic general law, the R0 alternative"…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-10 Florin Avram , Rim Adenane , Andrei Halanay

In this paper, we propose a time-dependent Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered-Died (SEIRD) reaction-diffusion system for the COVID-19 pandemic and we deal with its derivation from a kinetic model. The derivation is obtained by…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-02-08 Mohamed Zagour

The last decade saw the advent of increasingly realistic epidemic models that leverage on the availability of highly detailed census and human mobility data. Data-driven models aim at a granularity down to the level of households or single…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-08-10 Nicola Perra , Duygu Balcan , Bruno Gonçalves , Alessandro Vespignani

Accurate identification of effective epidemic threshold is essential for understanding epidemic dynamics on complex networks. The existing studies on the effective epidemic threshold of the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model generally…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-14 Panpan Shu , Wei Wang , Ming Tang , Pengcheng Zhao , Yi-Cheng Zhang

We consider the SIR epidemiological model applied to the evolution of COVID-19 with two approaches. In the first place we fit a global SIR model, with time delay, and constant parameters throughout the outbreak, including the contagion…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-23 Nana Geraldine Cabo Bizet , Damián Kaloni Mayorga Peña

In this work, we study the evolution of the susceptible individuals during the spread of an epidemic modeled by the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) process spreading on the top of complex networks. Using an edge-based compartmental…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-09-25 L. D. Valdez , P. A. Macri , L. A. Braunstein

The ubiquity of oscillations in epidemics presents a long standing challenge for the formulation of epidemic models. Whether they are external and seasonally driven, or arise from the intrinsic dynamics is an open problem. It is known that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-09-06 S. Goncalves , G. Abramson , M. F. C. Gomes

The SIR model is the cornerstone model for mathematical epidemiology, explaining key epidemic features such as the second-order transition between disease-free and epidemic states, the initial exponential growth of outbreaks or the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-20 Santiago Lamata-Otín , Alex Arenas , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes , David Soriano-Paños

This research presents an advanced fractional-order compartmental model designed to delve into the complexities of COVID-19 transmission dynamics, specifically accounting for the influence of environmental pathogens on disease spread. By…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-09 Moein Khalighi , Faïçal Ndaïrou , Leo Lahti