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We introduce a model for constructing vector representations of words by composing characters using bidirectional LSTMs. Relative to traditional word representation models that have independent vectors for each word type, our model requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Wang Ling , Tiago Luís , Luís Marujo , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo , Silvio Amir , Chris Dyer , Alan W. Black , Isabel Trancoso

Word embeddings have been widely used in sentiment classification because of their efficacy for semantic representations of words. Given reviews from different domains, some existing methods for word embeddings exploit sentiment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Bei Shi , Zihao Fu , Lidong Bing , Wai Lam

Sentence Embedding stands as a fundamental task within the realm of Natural Language Processing, finding extensive application in search engines, expert systems, and question-and-answer platforms. With the continuous evolution of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Bowen Zhang , Kehua Chang , Chunping Li

We present ReMatch, a framework that leverages the generative strength of MLLMs for multimodal retrieval. Previous approaches treated an MLLM as a simple encoder, ignoring its generative nature, and under-utilising its compositional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Qianying Liu , Xiao Liang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Zhongfei Qing , Fengfan Zhou , Yibo Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Paul Henderson

Multimodal representation learning has been largely driven by contrastive models such as CLIP, which learn a shared embedding space by aligning paired image-text samples. While effective for general-purpose representation learning, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Qiao , Yuntong Hu , Bowen Zhu , Hasibul Haque , Liang Zhao

In practical scenario, relation extraction needs to first identify entity pairs that have relation and then assign a correct relation class. However, the number of non-relation entity pairs in context (negative instances) usually far…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Wei Ye , Bo Li , Rui Xie , Zhonghao Sheng , Long Chen , Shikun Zhang

Previous work has modeled the compositionality of words by creating character-level models of meaning, reducing problems of sparsity for rare words. However, in many writing systems compositionality has an effect even on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Frederick Liu , Han Lu , Chieh Lo , Graham Neubig

Embedding models are crucial for various natural language processing tasks but can be limited by factors such as limited vocabulary, lack of context, and grammatical errors. This paper proposes a novel approach to improve embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Nicholas Harris , Anand Butani , Syed Hashmy

Current supervised relational triple extraction approaches require huge amounts of labeled data and thus suffer from poor performance in few-shot settings. However, people can grasp new knowledge by learning a few instances. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Haiyang Yu , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Hongbin Ye , Wei Zhang , Huajun Chen

Traditional approaches to automatic emotion recognition are relying on the application of handcrafted features. More recently however the advent of deep learning enabled algorithms to learn meaningful representations of input data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Dominik Schiller , Silvan Mertes , Elisabeth André

In this paper, we introduce personalized word embeddings, and examine their value for language modeling. We compare the performance of our proposed prediction model when using personalized versus generic word representations, and study how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Charles Welch , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Rada Mihalcea

Word embeddings improve the performance of NLP systems by revealing the hidden structural relationships between words. Despite their success in many applications, word embeddings have seen very little use in computational social science NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-21 James Foulds

Aspect-based sentiment analysis has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to provide fine-grained insights for sentiment expressions related to specific features of entities. An important component of aspect-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Ali Erkan , Tunga Güngör

Despite the success of neural dialogue systems in achieving high performance on the leader-board, they cannot meet users' requirements in practice, due to their poor reasoning skills. The underlying reason is that most neural dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Xu Wang , Hainan Zhang , Shuai Zhao , Yanyan Zou , Hongshen Chen , Zhuoye Ding , Bo Cheng , Yanyan Lan

Comparative constructions play an important role in natural language inference. However, attempts to study semantic representations and logical inferences for comparatives from the computational perspective are not well developed, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Izumi Haruta , Koji Mineshima , Daisuke Bekki

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Meilu Zhu , Qiushi Yang , Zhifan Gao , Yixuan Yuan , Jun Liu

Sentence compression is the task of creating a shorter version of an input sentence while keeping important information. In this paper, we extend the task of compression by deletion with the use of contextual embeddings. Different from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Minh-Tien Nguyen , Bui Cong Minh , Dung Tien Le , Le Thai Linh

Existing text representations such as embeddings and bag-of-words are not suitable for rule learning due to their high dimensionality and absent or questionable feature-level interpretability. This article explores whether large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Vojtěch Balek , Lukáš Sýkora , Vilém Sklenák , Tomáš Kliegr

Recent approaches for sentiment lexicon induction have capitalized on pre-trained word embeddings that capture latent semantic properties. However, embeddings obtained by optimizing performance of a given task (e.g. predicting contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-09 Silvio Amir , Rámon Astudillo , Wang Ling , Paula C. Carvalho , Mário J. Silva

Humans can quickly associate stimuli to solve problems in novel contexts. Our novel neural network model learns state representations of facts that can be composed to perform such associative inference. To this end, we augment the LSTM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Imanol Schlag , Tsendsuren Munkhdalai , Jürgen Schmidhuber