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The decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check codes by the Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm is revisited. We check the iterative algorithm for its convergence to a codeword (termination), we run Monte Carlo simulations to find the probability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 M. G. Stepanov , M. Chertkov

A new coded modulation scheme is proposed. At the transmitter, the concatenation of a distribution matcher and a systematic binary encoder performs probabilistic signal shaping and channel coding. At the receiver, the output of a bitwise…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-23 Georg Böcherer , Patrick Schulte , Fabian Steiner

Recent byte-level language models (LMs) match the performance of token-level models without relying on subword vocabularies, yet their utility is limited by slow, byte-by-byte autoregressive generation. We address this bottleneck in the…

Covert communication over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with finite block length is investigated in this paper. The attention is on the covert criterion, which has not been considered in finite block length circumstance.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Xinchun Yu , Shuangqin Wei , Yuan Luo

We present lower bounds on the minimum pseudocodeword effective Euclidean distance (or minimum "pseudodistance") for coded modulation systems using linear codes with $q$-ary phase-shift keying (PSK) modulation over the additive white…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-06-12 Vitaly Skachek , Mark F. Flanagan

Sparse superposition codes were recently introduced by Barron and Joseph for reliable communication over the AWGN channel at rates approaching the channel capacity. The codebook is defined in terms of a Gaussian design matrix, and codewords…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Cynthia Rush , Adam Greig , Ramji Venkataramanan

We consider stochastic approximations of sampling algorithms, such as Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) and the Random Batch Method (RBM) for Interacting Particle Dynamcs (IPD). We observe that the noise introduced by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Aniket Das , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Anant Raj

Novel sparse regression LDPC (SR-LDPC) codes exhibit excellent performance over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels in part due to their natural provision of shaping gains. Though SR-LDPC-like codes have been considered within the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Jamison R. Ebert , Jean-Francois Chamberland , Krishna R. Narayanan

In this paper, we present an adaptive reweighted sparse belief propagation (AR-SBP) decoder for polar codes. The AR-SBP technique is inspired by decoders that employ the sum-product algorithm for low-density parity-check codes. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-09 R. M. Oliveira , R. C. de Lamare

In this paper we consider the generalization of binary spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes to finite fields GF$(q)$, $q\geq 2$, and develop design rules for $q$-ary SC-LDPC code ensembles based on their iterative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Lai Wei , David G. M. Mitchell , Thomas E. Fuja , Daniel J. Costello

This work investigates protograph-based LDPC codes for the AWGN channel with OOK modulation. A non-uniform distribution of the OOK modulation symbols is considered to improve the power efficiency especially for low SNRs. To this end, a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Alexandru Dominic Git , Balázs Matuz , Fabian Steiner

In this paper, we propose a new design method of irregular spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes with non-uniform degree distributions by linear programming (LP). In general, irregular SC-LDPC codes with non-uniform…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Heeyoul Kwak , Jong-Seon No , Hosung Park

In distributed and federated learning algorithms, communication overhead is often reduced by performing multiple local updates between communication rounds. However, due to data heterogeneity across nodes and the local gradient noise within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yan Huang , Jinming Xu , Jiming Chen , Karl Henrik Johansson

The capacity of the AWGN broadcast channel is achieved by superposition coding, but superposition of individual coded modulations expands the modulation alphabet and distorts its configuration. Coded modulation over a broadcast channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Ahmed Abotabl , Aria Nosratinia

This study investigates the problem of learning linear block codes optimized for Belief-Propagation decoders significantly improving performance compared to the state-of-the-art. Our previous research is extended with an enhanced system…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Louis-Adrien Dufrène , Quentin Lampin , Guillaume Larue

Existing works on Binary Neural Network (BNN) mainly focus on model's weights and activations while discarding considerations on the input raw data. This article introduces Generic Learned Thermometer (GLT), an encoding technique to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Thien Nguyen , William Guicquero

Linguistic steganography (LS) conceals the presence of communication by embedding secret information into a text. How to generate a high-quality text carrying secret information is a key problem. With the widespread application of deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xiaoyan Zheng , Hanzhou Wu

We describe message-passing and decimation approaches for lossy source coding using low-density generator matrix (LDGM) codes. In particular, this paper addresses the problem of encoding a Bernoulli(0.5) source: for randomly generated LDGM…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Martin J. Wainwright , Elitza Maneva

Speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as a widely used paradigm to accelerate LLM inference without compromising quality. It works by first employing a compact model to draft multiple tokens efficiently and then using the target LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Heming Xia , Yongqi Li , Jun Zhang , Cunxiao Du , Wenjie Li

This paper investigates covert communication over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel in finite block length regime on the assumption of Gaussian codebooks. We first review some achievability and converse bounds on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Xinchun Yu , Shuangqin Wei , Yuan Luo