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Linear non-Gaussian causal models postulate that each random variable is a linear function of parent variables and non-Gaussian exogenous error terms. We study identification of the linear coefficients when such models contain latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-05 Daniele Tramontano , Mathias Drton , Jalal Etesami

This paper considers a challenging problem of identifying a causal graphical model under the presence of latent variables. While various identifiability conditions have been proposed in the literature, they often require multiple pure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Seunghyun Lee , Yuqi Gu

Conditions are presented for different types of identifiability of discrete variable models generated over an undirected graph in which one node represents a binary hidden variable. These models can be seen as extensions of the latent class…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-12 Elena Stanghellini , Barbara Vantaggi

Finding the parameters of a latent variable causal model is central to causal inference and causal identification. In this article, we show that existing graphical structures that are used in causal inference are not stable under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-03 Mehrzad Saremi

Identifiability of parameters is an essential property for a statistical model to be useful in most settings. However, establishing parameter identifiability for Bayesian networks with hidden variables remains challenging. In the context of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-04 Elizabeth S. Allman , John A. Rhodes , Elena Stanghellini , Marco Valtorta

Suppose we observe samples of a subset of a collection of random variables. No additional information is provided about the number of latent variables, nor of the relationship between the latent and observed variables. Is it possible to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-11-05 Venkat Chandrasekaran , Pablo A. Parrilo , Alan S. Willsky

Graph-based causal discovery methods aim to capture conditional independencies consistent with the observed data and differentiate causal relationships from indirect or induced ones. Successful construction of graphical models of data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-08 Boris Hayete , Fred Gruber , Anna Decker , Raymond Yan

The edge structure of the graph defining an undirected graphical model describes precisely the structure of dependence between the variables in the graph. In many applications, the dependence structure is unknown and it is desirable to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-01 Marina Vinyes , Guillaume Obozinski

We consider the problem of learning a conditional Gaussian graphical model in the presence of latent variables. Building on recent advances in this field, we suggest a method that decomposes the parameters of a conditional Markov random…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-07 Benjamin Frot , Luke Jostins , Gil McVean

In this paper, we study discrete Lyapunov models, which consist of steady-state distributions of first-order vector autoregressive models. The parameter matrix of such a model encodes a directed graph whose vertices correspond to the…

The chain graph model admits both undirected and directed edges in one graph, where symmetric conditional dependencies are encoded via undirected edges and asymmetric causal relations are encoded via directed edges. Though frequently…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-29 Ruixuan Zhao , Haoran Zhang , Junhui Wang

We develop a criterion to certify whether causal effects are identifiable in linear structural equation models with latent variables. Linear structural equation models correspond to directed graphs whose nodes represent the random variables…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Nils Sturma , Mathias Drton

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Elizabeth S. Allman , Catherine Matias , John A. Rhodes

A linear structural equation model relates random variables of interest and corresponding Gaussian noise terms via a linear equation system. Each such model can be represented by a mixed graph in which directed edges encode the linear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-04 Rina Foygel , Jan Draisma , Mathias Drton

This work addresses the problem of identifiability, that is, the question of whether parameters can be recovered from data, for linear compartmental models. Using standard differential algebra techniques, the question of whether a given…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-06-30 Elizabeth Gross , Nicolette Meshkat , Anne Shiu

Our concern is selecting the concentration matrix's nonzero coefficients for a sparse Gaussian graphical model in a high-dimensional setting. This corresponds to estimating the graph of conditional dependencies between the variables. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-04-05 Christophe Ambroise , Julien Chiquet , Catherine Matias

Linear causal models are important tools for modeling causal dependencies and yet in practice, only a subset of the variables can be observed. In this paper, we examine the parameter identifiability of these models by investigating whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Xinshuai Dong , Ignavier Ng , Biwei Huang , Yuewen Sun , Songyao Jin , Roberto Legaspi , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

A graphical model is a statistical model that is associated to a graph whose nodes correspond to variables of interest. The edges of the graph reflect allowed conditional dependencies among the variables. Graphical models admit…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-06-09 Mathias Drton , Marloes H. Maathuis

The recently introduced graphical continuous Lyapunov models provide a new approach to statistical modeling of correlated multivariate data. The models view each observation as a one-time cross-sectional snapshot of a multivariate dynamic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-16 Philipp Dettling , Roser Homs , Carlos Améndola , Mathias Drton , Niels Richard Hansen

We consider linear structural equation models with explicitly modelled latent variables. In such models, observed and latent variables solve linear equations including stochastic noise terms. The goal of our work is to identify the direct…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-28 Tom Hochsprung , Nils Sturma , Jakob Runge , Mathias Drton , Andreas Gerhardus
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