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In this letter, we briefly describe the evolution of a variety of self-gravitating protoplanetary disk models that contain annular grooves (e.g. gaps) in their surface density. These grooves are inspired by the density gaps that are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefano Meschiari , Gregory Laughlin

Direct imaging observations of planets revealed that wide-orbit ($>10$ au) giant planets exist even around subsolar-metallicity host stars and do not require metal-rich environments for their formation. A possible formation mechanism of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-27 Ryoki Matsukoba , Eduard I. Vorobyov , Takashi Hosokawa , Manuel Guedel

Planet formation may begin much earlier than previously expected, when the protoplanetary disk is still massive and gravitationally unstable. It has been proposed that solid grains can concentrate in the spiral arms of self-gravitating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Hans Baehr , Ken Rice , Chao-Chin Yang , Cassandra Hall

Warped accretion discs of low viscosity are prone to hydrodynamic instability due to parametric resonance of inertial waves as confirmed by local simulations. Global simulations of warped discs, using either smoothed particle hydrodynamics…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-18 Hongping Deng , Gordon I. Ogilvie , Lucio Mayer

New ALMA observations of protoplanetary disks allow us to probe planet formation in other systems, giving us new constraints on planet formation processes. Meanwhile, studies of our own Solar System rely on constraints derived in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 C. Bergez-Casalou , B. Bitsch , N. T. Kurtovic , P. Pinilla

We carry out simulations of gravitationally unstable disks using smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) and the novel Lagrangian meshless finite mass (MFM) scheme in the GIZMO code (Hopkins 2015). Our aim is to understand the cause of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-10 Hongping Deng , Lucio Mayer , Farzana Meru

In this article, we present a novel approach for block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) that is suitable for extreme-scale parallelism. All data structures are designed such that the size of the meta data in each distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Florian Schornbaum , Ulrich Rüde

How substructures and disk properties affect dust evolution and the delivery of solids and volatiles into planet-forming regions remains an open question. We present results from tailored dust evolution modeling of the AGE-PRO ALMA large…

I provide a pedagogic review of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) radiation hydrodynamics (RHD) methods and codes used in simulations of star formation, at a level suitable for researchers who are not computational experts. I begin with a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Mark R. Krumholz

We improve on our previous treatments of long-term evolution of protostellar disks by explicitly solving disk self-gravity in two dimensions. The current model is an extension of the one-dimensional layered accretion disk model of Bae et…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Jaehan Bae , Lee Hartmann , Zhaohuan Zhu , Richard P. Nelson

Colliding flows are a commonly used scenario for the formation of molecular clouds in numerical simulations. Due to the thermal instability of the warm neutral medium, turbulence is produced by cooling. We carry out a two-dimensional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Markus Niklaus , Wolfram Schmidt , Jens C. Niemeyer

The central region of a circumstellar disk is difficult to resolve in global numerical simulations of collapsing cloud cores, but its effect on the evolution of the entire disk can be significant. We use numerical hydrodynamics simulations…

In our previous study (Tsukamoto {\it et al.} 2023), we investigated formation and early evolution of protoplanetary disks with 3D non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics simulations considering dust growth, and found that the modified equations of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-23 Yusuke Tsukamoto

At the time of formation, protoplanetary discs likely contain a comparable mass to their host protostars. As a result, gravitational instabilities (GIs) are expected to play a pivotal role in the early phases of disc evolution. However, as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-24 M. G. Evans , T. W. Hartquist , P. Caselli , A. C. Boley , J. D. Ilee , J. M. C. Rawlings

Gravitational instabilities (GIs) are most likely a fundamental process during the early stages of protoplanetary disc formation. Recently, there have been detections of spiral features in young, embedded objects that appear consistent with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-02 M. G. Evans , J. D. Ilee , T. W. Hartquist , P. Caselli , L. Szucs , S. J. D. Purser , A. C. Boley , R. H. Durisen , J. M. C. Rawlings

We have investigated evolution of magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in protoplanetary disks that have radially non-uniform magnetic field such that stable and unstable regions coexist initially, and found that a zone in which the disk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 M. T. Kato , K. Nakamura , R. Tandokoro , M. Fujimoto , S. Ida

We revisit our original papers on the burst mode of accretion by incorporating a detailed energy balance equation into a thin-disk model for the formation and evolution of circumstellar disks around low-mass protostars.Our model includes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Eduard I. Vorobyov , Shantanu Basu

We present the first high order one-step ADER-WENO finite volume scheme with Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) in multiple space dimensions. High order spatial accuracy is obtained through a WENO reconstruction, while a high order one-step…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-11 Michael Dumbser , Olindo Zanotti , Arturo Hidalgo , Dinshaw S. Balsara

We have obtained a steady-state, 1-D model of the accretion disk of a protostar taking into account the magneto-rotational instability (MRI). We find that the disk is divided into an outer turbulent region (OTR), a MRI suppressed region…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Toshikazu Ebisuzaki , Yusuke Imaeda

Observations support the hypothesis that gas disk gravitational instability might explain the formation of massive or wide-orbit gas giant exoplanets. The situation with regard to Jupiter-mass exoplanets orbiting within $\sim$ 20 au is more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Alan P. Boss