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Fundamental fields are a natural outcome in cosmology and particle physics and might therefore serve as a proxy for more complex interactions. The equivalence principle implies that all forms of matter gravitate, and one therefore expects…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-28 Hirotada Okawa , Helvi Witek , Vitor Cardoso

We present a family of exact black-hole solutions on a static spherically symmetric background in second-order generalized Proca theories with derivative vector-field interactions coupled to gravity. We also derive non-exact solutions in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-01 Lavinia Heisenberg , Ryotaro Kase , Masato Minamitsuji , Shinji Tsujikawa

We demonstrate that black holes and stars in general relativity can be destabilized by perturbations of non-minimally coupled vector fields. Focusing on static and spherically symmetric backgrounds, our analysis shows that black holes with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-18 Sebastian Garcia-Saenz , Aaron Held , Jun Zhang

Classical black holes are known for almost half a century to nullify exterior classical massive vector field associated with a charge crossing the event horizon. This implies that, from the point of view of an external observer, the Proca…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-24 Andrei L. Erofeev

Scalar-tensor theories of gravity generally violate the strong equivalence principle, namely compact objects have a suppressed coupling to the scalar force, causing them to fall slower. A black hole is the extreme example where such a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 Jeremy Sakstein , Bhuvnesh Jain , Jeremy S. Heyl , Lam Hui

We study the equivalence principle, regarded as the cornerstone of general relativity, by analyzing the deformation observable of black hole shadows. Such deformation can arise from new physics and may be expressed as a phenomenological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-22 Chunlong Li , Sheng-Feng Yan , Lingqin Xue , Xin Ren , Yi-Fu Cai , Damien A. Easson , Ye-Fei Yuan , Hongsheng Zhao

Black holes in General Relativity are very simple objects. This property, that goes under the name of "no-hair," has been refined in the last few decades and admits several versions. The simplicity of black holes makes them ideal testbeds…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-24 Vitor Cardoso , Leonardo Gualtieri

We model a single black hole in equilibrium with a dark photon-cold dark matter environment. Representing the dark photon as a Proca field, we show that a Schwarzschild black hole grows vector-field "hair" when allowed to accrete from an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-29 Fredric Hancock , Helvi Witek

Black holes are more than just odd-looking curiosities in gravity theory. They uniquely intertwine the basic principles of General Relativity with those of Quantum Theory. Just by demanding that they nevertheless obey acceptable laws of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-28 Gerard t Hooft

We show that spacetime symmetries on any background give rise to stealth vector fields obeying Proca-type equations supplemented by curvature terms. This observation, which is true for solutions of any theory of gravity and with arbitrary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-25 David Kubiznak , Robert B. Mann , Marek Milička

We continue our study on the capabilities of present and future X-ray missions to test the nature of astrophysical black hole candidates via X-ray reflection spectroscopy and distinguish Kerr black holes from other solutions of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-29 Menglei Zhou , Cosimo Bambi , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu

The Standard Model of particle physics predicts the speed of light to be a universal speed of propagation of massless carriers. However, other possibilities exist -- including Lorentz-violating theories -- where different fundamental fields…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-25 Vitor Cardoso , Shinji Mukohyama , Naritaka Oshita , Kazufumi Takahashi

Scalar fields pervade theoretical physics and are a fundamental ingredient to solve the dark matter problem, to realize the Peccei-Quinn mechanism in QCD or the string-axiverse scenario. They are also a useful proxy for more complex matter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-03 Hirotada Okawa , Vitor Cardoso

Observations of galactic nuclei help us to test General Relativity. Whereas the No-hair Theorem states that classical, isolated black holes eventually settle to a stationary state that can be characterized by a small number of parameters,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-30 Vladimir Karas , Michal Zajacek , Devaky Kunneriath , Michal Dovciak

Black holes merge together different field of physics. From General Relativity over thermodynamics and quantum field theory, they do now also reach into the regime of particle and collider physics. In the presence of additional compactified…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sabine Hossenfelder

The generalized Proca theories with second-order equations of motion can be healthily extended to a more general framework in which the number of propagating degrees of freedom remains unchanged. In the presence of a quartic-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-15 Ryotaro Kase , Masato Minamitsuji , Shinji Tsujikawa

Generalized Proca theory supplements gravity with a massive vector field whose derivative self-interactions can support black holes carrying primary vector hair. In the asymptotically de Sitter branch considered here, the de Sitter scale is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Bekir Can Lütfüoğlu , Javlon Rayimbaev , Nuriddin Kurbonov , Sardor Murodov , Faisal Javed

Black holes play a crucial role in the understanding of the gravitational interaction. Through the direct observation of the shadow of a black hole by the event horizon telescope and the detection of gravitational waves of merging black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-19 Sebastian Bahamonde , Ludovic Ducobu , Christian Pfeifer

No-hair theorems exclude the existence of nontrivial scalar and massive vector hair outside four-dimensional, static, asymptotically flat black-hole spacetimes. We show, by explicitly building nonlinear solutions, that black holes can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-09 Richard Brito , Vitor Cardoso , Paolo Pani

We prove the constancy of surface gravity across a Killing horizon (not necessarily of bifurcate type) in arbitrary higher curvature theories of gravity coupled to Proca fields $-$ vector fields lacking $U(1)$ gauge invariance $-$ thus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-12 Parthajit Biswas , Alokananda Kar , Anowar Shaikh
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