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We investigate a dynamical basis for the Riemann hypothesis (RH) that the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on the critical line x = 1/2. In the process we graphically explore, in as rich a way as possible, the diversity of…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2011-10-26 Chris King

For an arbitrary complex number $a\neq 0$ we consider the distribution of values of the Riemann zeta-function $\zeta$ at the $a$-points of the function $\Delta$ which appears in the functional equation $\zeta(s)=\Delta(s)\zeta(1-s)$. These…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Jörn Steuding , Ade Irma Suriajaya

We compute the expected value of Dirichlet $L$-functions defined over $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ attached to cubic characters evaluated at an arbitrary $s \in (0,1)$. We find a transition term at the point $s=\frac{1}{3}$, reminiscent of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Chantal David , Patrick Meisner

This paper contains new explicit upper bounds for the number of zeroes of Dirichlet L-functions and Dedekind zeta-functions in rectangles.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-02 T. S. Trudgian

The existence of non trivial zeros off the critical line for a function obtained by analytic continuation of a particular Dirichlet series is studied. Contrary to what has been presumed for a long time, we prove that such zeros cannot…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-03-18 Les Ferry , Dorin Ghisa , Florin Alan Muscutar

We prove that more than nine percent of the central values $L(\frac{1}{2},\chi_p)$ are non-zero, where $p\equiv 1 \pmod{8}$ ranges over primes and $\chi_p$ is the real primitive Dirichlet character of conductor $p$. Previously, it was not…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Siegfred Baluyot , Kyle Pratt

The Riemann zeta function, and more generally the L-functions of Dirichlet characters, are among the central objects of study in number theory. We report on a project to formalize the theory of these objects in Lean's "Mathlib" library,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-16 David Loeffler , Michael Stoll

We show that the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis for all Dirichlet L-functions is a consequence of certain conjectural properties of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Conversely, we prove that the zeros of $\zeta(s)$ satisfy those…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-08 William D. Banks

We study a subtle inequity in the distribution of unnormalized differences between imaginary parts of zeros of the Riemann zeta function. We establish a precise measure which explains the phenomenon, that the location of each Riemann zero…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Kevin Ford , Alexandru Zaharescu

We present some monotonicity results for Dirichlet $L$-functions associated to real primitive characters. We show in particular that these Dirichlet $L$-functions are far from being logarithmically completely monotonic. Also, we show that,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-04-10 Atul Dixit , Arindam Roy , Alexandru Zaharescu

We establish sharp lower bounds for shifted (with two shifts) moments of Dirichlet $L$-function of fixed modulus under the generalized Riemann hypothesis.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Peng Gao , Liangyi Zhao

There exist small perturbations of L-functions, satisfying the appropriate functional equation, for which the analogue of the Riemann hypothesis fails radically. Moreover, this phenomenon is generic. However, there also exist small…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2009-11-30 P. M. Gauthier , X. Xarles

We evaluate the first moment of central values of the family of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions using the method of double Dirichlet series. Under the generalized Riemann hypothesis, we prove an asymptotic formula with an error term of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Peng Gao , Liangyi Zhao

We use the Asymptotic Large Sieve and Levinson's method to obtain lower bounds for the proportion of simple zeros on the critical line of the twists by primitive Dirichlet characters of a fixed L-function of degree 1,2, or 3.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-09 Brian Conrey , Henryk Iwaniec , Kannan Soundararajan

Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we obtain upper and lower bounds for moments of the Riemann zeta-function averaged over the extreme values between its zeros on the critical line. Our bounds are very nearly the same order of magnitude. The…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-09 Micah B. Milinovich

We investigate the intersections of the curve $\mathbb{R}\ni t\mapsto \zeta({1\over 2}+it)$ with the real axis. We show unconditionally that the zeta-function takes arbitrarily large positive and negative values on the critical line.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-14 Justas Kalpokas , Maxim A. Korolev , Jörn Steuding

We numerically study the statistical properties of differences of zeros of Riemann zeta function and L-functions predicted by the theory of the e\~ne product. In particular, this provides a simple algorithm that computes any non-real…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-05 Ricardo Perez Marco

Let $\chi$ be a primitive Dirichlet character whose conductor $q$ is a prime number. For the certain averages of values of $\log |L(s, \chi)|$ in $q$-aspect at a fixed $s=\sigma>1/2$, under Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), we explain…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Manami Hosoi , Yumiko Umegaki

In this work, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the twisted mean square of a Dirichlet $L$-function with a longer mollifier, whose coefficients are also more general than before. As an application we obtain that, for every Dirichlet…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-14 Xiaosheng Wu

Let $F$ be a linear combination of $N\geq 1$ Dirichlet $L$-functions attached to even (or odd) primitive characters with the same modulus. Selberg proved that a positive proportion of non-trivial zeros of $F$ lie on the critical line. Our…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-01 Jérémy Dousselin