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Because the scale of inflation is conformal frame dependent, in order to fully characterize it one should quote its value in terms of all the independent equal-time dimensionless ratios in the theory. We argue that when couplings depend on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-27 C. Armendariz-Picon

In this article the reduction of a $n$-dimensional space to a $k$-dimensional space is considered as a reduction of $N^n$ states to $N^k$ states, where $N$ stands for the number of single-particle states per unit of spatial length. It turns…

General Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 V. Yu. Dorofeev

We establish a structure theorem for the family of Ammann A2 tilings of the plane. Using that theorem we show that every Ammann A2 tiling is self-similar in the sense of [B. Solomyak, Nonperiodicity implies unique composition for…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Bruno Durand , Alexander Shen , Nikolay Vereshchagin

We deal with unweighted and weighted enumerations of lozenge tilings of a hexagon with side lengths $a,b+m,c,a+m,b,c+m$, where an equilateral triangle of side length $m$ has been removed from the center. We give closed formulas for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mihai Ciucu , Theresia Eisenkölbl , C. Krattenthaler , D. Zare

It is noted that inflation driven by a three form with arbitrary self coupling satisfies a consistency relation $n_S-1=2n_T$, between spectral indices of scalar and tensor cosmological perturbations. The standard consistency relation for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei Gruzinov

We give a construction of a self-similar tiling of the plane with any prescribed expansion coefficient $\lambda\in\C$ (satisfying the necessary algebraic condition of being a complex Perron number). For any integer $m>1$ we show that there…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Richard Kenyon

Given a flag in each of the vertex-transitive tessellations of the Euclidean plane by regular polygons, we determine the flag stabilizer under the action of the automorphism group of a regular cover. In so doing we give a presentation of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-29 Gordon Williams , Daniel Pellicer

Inspired by the modelization of 2D materials systems, we characterize arrangements of identical nonflat squares in 3D. We prove that the fine geometry of such arrangements is completely characterized in terms of patterns of mutual…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Manuel Friedrich , Manuel Seitz , Ulisse Stefanelli

In this work, we study inflation in a particular scalar-vector-tensor theory of gravitation without the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. The model is constructed from the more general action introduced in Heisenberg et al. (Phys Rev D 98:024038,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-20 A. Oliveros , Cristhian J. Rodríguez

In the present article, real number representations, that are generalizations of classical positive and alternating representations of numbers, are introduced and investigated. The main metric relation, properties of cylinder sets are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Symon Serbenyuk

Defant, Li, Propp, and Young recently resolved two enumerative conjectures of Propp concerning the tilings of regions in the hexagonal grid called benzels using two types of prototiles called stones and bones (with varying constraints on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Colin Defant , Leigh Foster , Rupert Li , James Propp , Benjamin Young

In this paper, we explore the equivalence between two theories, namely f(R) and scalar-tensor theories of gravity. We use this equivalence to explore several f(R) toy models focusing on the inflation epoch of the early universe. The study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-21 Joseph Ntahompagaze , Jean Damascene Mbarubukeye , Shambel Sahlu , Amare Abebe

In construction of an inflationary model, one usually assumes that the matter sector of the gravitational action is minimally coupled to the background. It means that the matter (inflaton) part of the action is coupled with the same metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-25 Yousef Bisabr

Given a tiling of a 2D grid with several types of tiles, we can count for every row and column how many tiles of each type it intersects. These numbers are called the_projections_. We are interested in the problem of reconstructing a tiling…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-25 Marek Chrobak , Peter Couperus , Christoph Durr , Gerhard Woeginger

We propose a test of single-scalar inflation based on using the well-measured scalar power spectrum to reconstruct the tensor power spectrum, up to a single integration constant. Our test is a sort of integrated version of the single-scalar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-06 D. J. Brooker , N. C. Tsamis , R. P. Woodard

This article is an expository account of the theory of twisted commutative algebras, which simply put, can be thought of as a theory for handling commutative algebras with large groups of linear symmetries. Examples include the coordinate…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2012-09-25 Steven V Sam , Andrew Snowden

We provide a unified approach, via deformations of incidence algebras, to several important types of representations with finiteness conditions, as well as the combinatorial algebras which produce them. We show that over finite dimensional…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-07 Miodrag C. Iovanov , Gerard D. Koffi

The values of, and connection between, the cosmological observables of the primordial power spectrum tilt $n_s$ and the inflationary tensor to scalar ratio $r$ are key guideposts to the physics of inflation. Universality classes can be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-18 Eric V. Linder

The direct product of two Fibonacci tilings can be described as a genuine stone inflation rule with four prototiles. This rule admits various modifications, which lead to 48 different inflation rules, known as the direct product variations.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Michael Baake , Franz Gähler , Jan Mazáč

This study explores the properties of the function which can tile the field $\mathbb{Q}_p$ of $p$-adic numbers by translation. It is established that functions capable of tiling $\mathbb{Q}_p$ is by translation uniformly locally constancy.…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Shilei Fan