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Related papers: Graphical method in loop quantum gravity: I. Deriv…

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Graphical techniques provide a very useful practical device for calculations involving the so-called spin network states, which encode the quantum degrees of freedom of spatial geometry in loop quantum gravity. Graphical calculus of SU(2),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-04 Emanuele Alesci , Ilkka Mäkinen , Jinsong Yang

This is the second paper in the series to introduce a graphical method to loop quantum gravity. We employ the graphical method as a powerful tool to calculate the actions of the Euclidean Hamiltonian constraint operator and the so-called…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-25 Jinsong Yang , Yongge Ma

In Loop Quantum Gravity, the quantum action of the volume operator is crucial in understanding quantum dynamics. In this work, we implement a generalized numerical algorithm that can compute the quantum action of the volume operator on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-01 Haida Li , Hongguang Liu

We present a pedagogical introduction to SU(2) recoupling theory, focusing on those aspects of the topic which are useful for practical calculations in loop quantum gravity. In particular, we give a self-contained presentation of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-21 Ilkka Mäkinen

We derive a closed formula for the matrix elements of the volume operator for canonical Lorentzian quantum gravity in four spacetime dimensions in the continuum in a spin-network basis. We also display a new technique of regularization…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 T. Thiemann

In this article we introduce a new operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. Our construction does not apply to the entire kinematical Hilbert space of loop quantum gravity; instead, the operator…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-02 Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen

We present a straightforward and self-contained introduction to the basics of the loop approach to quantum gravity, and a derivation of what is arguably its key result, namely the spectral analysis of the area operator. We also discuss the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlo Rovelli , Peush Upadhya

We introduce a new operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. The operator is constructed by writing the Ricci scalar classically as a function of the Ashtekar variables and regularizing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-04 Ilkka Mäkinen

The search for a quantum theory of gravity is one of the major challenges facing theoretical physics today. While no complete theory exists, a promising avenue of research is the loop quantum gravity approach. In this approach, quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Seifert

We present a simple method to calculate certain sums of the eigenvalues of the volume operator in loop quantum gravity. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues in the classical limit of very large spins which turns out to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Krzysztof A. Meissner

I discuss the role played by the spin-network basis and recoupling theory (in its graphical tangle-theoretic formulation) and their use for performing explicit calculations in loop quantum gravity. In particular, I show that recoupling…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Roberto De Pietri

The volume operator plays a central role in both the kinematics and dynamics of canonical approaches to quantum gravity which are based on algebras of generalized Wilson loops. We introduce a method for simplifying its spectral analysis,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 R. Loll

We systematise and develop a graphical approach to the investigations of quantum integrable vertex statistical models and the corresponding quantum spin chains. The graphical forms of the unitarity and various crossing relations are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-09-16 Khazret S. Nirov , Alexander V. Razumov

In loop quantum gravity (LQG), states of the gravitational field are represented by labeled graphs called spin networks. Their dynamics can be described by a Hamiltonian constraint, { which acts on the spin network states modifying both…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-27 Thiago L. M. Guedes , Guillermo A. Mena Marugán , Francesca Vidotto , Markus Müller

Quantum-reduced loop gravity is a model of loop quantum gravity, which - from the technical point of view - is characterized by the remarkably simple form of its basic operators. In this article we examine the operators of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-01 Ilkka Mäkinen

The implementation of the dynamics in loop quantum gravity (LQG) is still an open problem. Here, we discuss a tentative dynamics for the simplest class of graphs in LQG: Two vertices linked with an arbitrary number of edges. We find an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Enrique F. Borja , Jacobo Diaz-Polo , Laurent Freidel , Iñaki Garay , Etera R. Livine

The graphical calculus method is generalized to study the relation between covariant and canonical dynamics of loop quantum gravity. On one hand, a graphical derivation of the partition function of the generalized Euclidean…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-17 Jinsong Yang , Cong Zhang , Yongge Ma

The Volume Operator plays a crucial role in the definition of the quantum dynamics of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). Efficient calculations for dynamical problems of LQG can therefore be performed only if one has sufficient control over the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Johannes Brunnemann , Thomas Thiemann

The purpose of this contribution is to give an introduction to quantum geometry and loop quantum gravity for a wide audience of both physicists and mathematicians. From a physical point of view the emphasis will be on conceptual issues…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-04-11 J. Fernando Barbero G.

We summarize the basics of the loop representation of quantum gravity and describe the main aspects of the formalism, including its latest developments, in a reorganized and consistent form. Recoupling theory, in its graphical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Roberto De Pietri , C. Rovelli
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