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Graphene and other two-dimensional crystals can be combined to form various hybrids and heterostructures, creating materials on demand, in which the interlayer coupling at the interface leads to modified physical properties as compared to…

Layered materials (LMs), such as graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition-metal dichalcogenides, are at the centre of an ever increasing research effort, due to their scientific and technological relevance. Raman and infrared…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-23 Giovanni Pizzi , Silvia Milana , Andrea C. Ferrari , Nicola Marzari , Marco Gibertini

Twisted 2D layered materials have garnered a lot of attention recently as a class of 2D materials whose interlayer interactions and electronic properties are dictated by the relative rotation / twist angle between the adjacent layers. In…

Layer-layer coupling plays a critical role in defining the physical properties of few-layer graphene (FLG). With respect to vibrations, the interlayer coupling is predicted to create a set of N-1 finite frequency, out-of-plane interlayer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-04-04 Chun Hung Lui , Tony F. Heinz

Direct, tunable coupling between individually assembled graphene layers is a next step towards designer two-dimensional (2D) crystal systems, with relevance for fundamental studies and technological applications. Here we describe the…

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials have emerged as key materials for next-generation magneto-electric and spintronic devices, where understanding the relationship between layer number, lattice dynamics, and magnetic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-18 Nilesh Choudhury , Sandeep , Neesha Yadav , Mayank Shukla , Pintu Das

Twisted bilayer two-dimensional transition-metal dichalgocenides (TMDCs) exhibit a range of novel phenomena such as the formation of moir\'e excitons and strongly correlated phases. The coupling between the layers is crucial for the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-27 Eileen Schneider , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Janina Maultzsch

Relative out of plane displacements of the constituent layers of two dimensional materials gives rise to unique low frequency breathing modes. By computing the height-height correlation functions in momentum space, we show that, the layer…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-02 Indrajit Maity , Prabal K Maiti , Manish Jain

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have been extensively studied owing to their fascinating and technologically relevant properties. Their functionalities can be often tailored by the interlayer stacking pattern. Low-frequency (LF)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-06 Liangbo Liang , Alexander A. Puretzky , Bobby G. Sumpter , Vincent Meunier

We develop a theoretical framework for probing moir\'e phonon modes using Raman spectroscopy, and illustrate it with the example of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). These moir\'e phonons arise from interlayer sliding motion in twisted 2D…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-24 Vitor Dantas , Héctor Ochoa , Rafael M. Fernandes , Natalia B. Perkins

Multilayer graphene (MLG) grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising material for electronic and optoelectronic devices. Understanding the stacking configuration and interlayer coupling of MLGs is technologically relevant and…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-09-27 Jiang-Bin Wu , Huan Wang , Xiao-Li Li , Hailin Peng , Ping-Heng Tan

Layered materials such as graphite and transition metal dichalcogenides have extremely anisotropic mechanical properties owing to orders of magnitude difference between in-plane and out-of-plane interatomic interaction strengths. Although…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-11-10 Jae-Ung Lee , Sungjong Woo , Jaesung Park , Hee Chul Park , Young-Woo Son , Hyeonsik Cheong

Richness and complexity of Raman spectra related to graphene materials is established from years to decades, with, among others: the well-known G, D, 2D,... bands plus a plethora of weaker bands related to disorder behavior, doping, stress,…

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images are obtained for the first time on few layer and twisted multilayer epitaxial graphene states synthesized on n+ 6H-SiC a-plane non-polar surface. The twisted graphene is determined to have a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 P. Xu , M. L. Ackerman , S. D. Barber , J. K. Schoelz , P. M. Thibado , V. D. Wheeler , L. O. Nyakiti , R. L. Myers-Ward , C. R. Eddy , D. K. Gaskill

2D layered materials have recently attracted tremendous interest due to their fascinating properties and potential applications. The interlayer interactions are much weaker than the intralayer bonds, allowing the as-synthesized materials to…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-04-21 Xin Luo , Chunxiao Cong , Xin Lu , Ting Yu , Qihua Xiong , Su Ying Quek

Graphite is a well-studied material with known electronic and optical properties. Graphene, on the other hand, which is just one layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, has been studied theoretically for quite some time but…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 F. Molitor , D. Graf , C. Stampfer , T. Ihn , K. Ensslin

Raman spectroscopy is an integral part of graphene research. It is used to determine the number and orientation of layers, the quality and types of edge, and the effects of perturbations, such as electric and magnetic fields, strain,…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-16 Andrea C. Ferrari , Denis M. Basko

We have investigated the vibrational properties of van der Waals heterostructures of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), specifically MoS2/WSe2 and MoSe2/MoS2 heterobilayers as well as twisted MoS2 bilayers, by means of…

By stacking various two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals [1] on top of each other, it is possible to create multilayer heterostructures and devices with designed electronic properties [2-5]. However, various adsorbates become trapped…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-09-06 S. J. Haigh , A. Gholinia , R. Jalil , S. Romani , L. Britnell , D. C. Elias , K. S. Novoselov , L. A. Ponomarenko , A. K. Geim , R. Gorbachev

Accurate and simple local strain assessment in graphene is one of the crucial tasks in device characterization. Raman spectroscopy is often used for that purpose through monitoring of the G and 2D modes. However, the shifts of those two…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-27 Elena del Corro , Ladislav Kavan , Martin Kalbac , Otakar Frank
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