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In this paper we consider the problem of context-free grammars comparison from the analysis point of view. We show that the problem can be reduced to numerical solution of systems of nonlinear matrix equations. The approach presented here…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-23 J. Joao Almeida , Eliana Grande , Georgi Smirnov

The transformer has revolutionized modern AI across language, vision, and beyond. It consists of $L$ layers, each running $H$ attention heads in parallel and feeding the combined output to the subsequent layer. In attention, the input…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Barna Saha , Yinzhan Xu , Christopher Ye , Hantao Yu

We develop a general framework for finding approximately-optimal preconditioners for solving linear systems. Leveraging this framework we obtain improved runtimes for fundamental preconditioning and linear system solving problems including…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Arun Jambulapati , Jerry Li , Christopher Musco , Kirankumar Shiragur , Aaron Sidford , Kevin Tian

Effective representation learning from text has been an active area of research in the fields of NLP and text mining. Attention mechanisms have been at the forefront in order to learn contextual sentence representations. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Sneha Mehta , Huzefa Rangwala , Naren Ramakrishnan

Lexicographically minimal string rotation (LMSR) is a problem to find the minimal one among all rotations of a string in the lexicographical order, which is widely used in equality checking of graphs, polygons, automata and chemical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Qisheng Wang , Mingsheng Ying

Re-Pair is an effective grammar-based compression scheme achieving strong compression rates in practice. Let $n$, $\sigma$, and $d$ be the text length, alphabet size, and dictionary size of the final grammar, respectively. In their original…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Philip Bille , Inge Li Gørtz , Nicola Prezza

Computation on compressed strings is one of the key approaches to processing massive data sets. We consider local subsequence recognition problems on strings compressed by straight-line programs (SLP), which is closely related to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Alexander Tiskin

We give two algorithms for output-sparse matrix multiplication (OSMM), the problem of multiplying two $n \times n$ matrices $A, B$ when their product $AB$ is promised to have at most $O(n^{\delta})$ many non-zero entries for a given value…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Huck Bennett , Karthik Gajulapalli , Alexander Golovnev , Evelyn Warton

Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) factorization is a fundamental problem in string processing: Greedily partition a given string $T$ from left to right into blocks (called phrases) so that each phrase is either the leftmost occurrence of a letter or the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

We propose a general algorithmic framework for constrained matrix and tensor factorization, which is widely used in signal processing and machine learning. The new framework is a hybrid between alternating optimization (AO) and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-24 Kejun Huang , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos , Athanasios P. Liavas

Conversational speech recognition is regarded as a challenging task due to its free-style speaking and long-term contextual dependencies. Prior work has explored the modeling of long-range context through RNNLM rescoring with improved…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Kun Wei , Pengcheng Guo , Hang Lv , Zhen Tu , Lei Xie

Lattice reduction (LR) is a preprocessing technique for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) symbol detection to achieve better bit error-rate (BER) performance. In this paper, we propose a customized homogeneous multiprocessor for LR. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-21 Shahriar Shahabuddin , Janne Janhunen , Amanullah Ghazi , Zaheer Khan , Markku Juntti

Pattern matching is a fundamental process in almost every scientific domain. The problem involves finding the positions of a given pattern (usually of short length) in a reference stream of data (usually of large length). The matching can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Anas Al-okaily , Abdelghani Tbakhi

The prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs) for generating multilingual text and source code has only increased the imperative for machine-generated content detectors to be accurate and efficient across domains. Current detectors,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Shriyansh Agrawal , Aidan Lau , Sanyam Shah , Ahan M R , Kevin Zhu , Sunishchal Dev , Vasu Sharma

We investigate the in-context learning capabilities of transformers for the $d$-dimensional mixture of linear regression model, providing theoretical insights into their existence, generalization bounds, and training dynamics. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-11 Yanhao Jin , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Lifeng Lai

We consider $\ell_1$-Rank-$r$ Approximation over GF(2), where for a binary $m\times n$ matrix ${\bf A}$ and a positive integer $r$, one seeks a binary matrix ${\bf B}$ of rank at most $r$, minimizing the column-sum norm $||{\bf A} -{\bf…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Fahad Panolan , Kirill Simonov

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in multivariate time series classification (MTSC). Effective adaptation of LLMs for MTSC necessitates informative data representations. Existing LLM-based methods directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiahao Wang , Mingyue Cheng , Qingyang Mao , Yitong Zhou , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Feiyang Xu , Xin Li

Given an LZW/LZ78 compressed text, we want to find an approximate occurrence of a given pattern of length m. The goal is to achieve time complexity depending on the size n of the compressed representation of the text instead of its length.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-23 Pawel Gawrychowski , Damian Straszak

Large language models (LLMs) have played a pivotal role in revolutionizing various facets of our daily existence. Solving attention regression is a fundamental task in optimizing LLMs. In this work, we focus on giving a provable guarantee…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Yeqi Gao , Zhao Song , Weixin Wang , Junze Yin

We present a new class of preconditioned iterative methods for solving linear systems of the form $Ax = b$. Our methods are based on constructing a low-rank Nystr\"om approximation to $A$ using sparse random matrix sketching. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Michał Dereziński , Christopher Musco , Jiaming Yang