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Let $n$ be the size of a parameterized problem and $k$ the parameter. We present kernels for Feedback Vertex Set, Path Contraction and Cluster Editing/Deletion whose sizes are all polynomial in $k$ and that are computable in polynomial time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Frank Kammer , Andrej Sajenko

A locating-dominating set $D$ of a graph $G$ is a dominating set of $G$ where each vertex not in $D$ has a unique neighborhood in $D$, and the Locating-Dominating Set problem asks if $G$ contains such a dominating set of bounded size. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Márcia R. Cappelle , Guilherme C. M. Gomes , Vinicius F. dos Santos

The technique of kernelization consists in extracting, from an instance of a problem, an essentially equivalent instance whose size is bounded in a parameter k. Besides being the basis for efficient param-eterized algorithms, this method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Clément Carbonnel , Emmanuel Hébrard

Kernelization is a formalization of efficient preprocessing for NP-hard problems using the framework of parameterized complexity. Among open problems in kernelization it has been asked many times whether there are deterministic polynomial…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Michael Etscheid , Stefan Kratsch , Matthias Mnich , Heiko Röglin

The notion of Turing kernelization investigates whether a polynomial-time algorithm can solve an NP-hard problem, when it is aided by an oracle that can be queried for the answers to bounded-size subproblems. One of the main open problems…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Bart M. P. Jansen , Marcin Pilipczuk , Marcin Wrochna

Integer linear programs (ILPs) are a widely applied framework for dealing with combinatorial problems that arise in practice. It is known, e.g., by the success of CPLEX, that preprocessing and simplification can greatly speed up the process…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Stefan Kratsch

Kernelization is a general theoretical framework for preprocessing instances of NP-hard problems into (generally smaller) instances with bounded size, via the repeated application of data reduction rules. For the fundamental Max Cut…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Damir Ferizovic , Demian Hespe , Sebastian Lamm , Matthias Mnich , Christian Schulz , Darren Strash

Makespan minimization (on parallel identical or unrelated machines) is arguably the most natural and studied scheduling problem. A common approach in practical algorithm design is to reduce the size of a given instance by a fast…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Dušan Knop , Martin Koutecký

We introduce a new kernelization tool, called rainbow matching technique}, that is appropriate for the design of polynomial kernels for packing problems and their hitting counterparts. Our technique capitalizes on the powerful combinatorial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Stéphane Bessy , Marin Bougeret , Dimitrios M. Thilikos , Sebastian Wiederrecht

The theoretical notions of graph classes with bounded expansion and that are nowhere dense are meant to capture structural sparsity of real world networks that can be used to design efficient algorithms. In the area of sparse graphs, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Wojciech Nadara

The NP-complete $k$-Path problem asks whether a given undirected graph has a (simple) path of length at least $k$. We prove that $k$-Path has polynomial-size Turing kernels when restricted to planar graphs, graphs of bounded degree,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-21 Bart M. P. Jansen

Kernel matrices, as well as weighted graphs represented by them, are ubiquitous objects in machine learning, statistics and other related fields. The main drawback of using kernel methods (learning and inference using kernel matrices) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ainesh Bakshi , Piotr Indyk , Praneeth Kacham , Sandeep Silwal , Samson Zhou

Kernelization---a mathematical key concept for provably effective polynomial-time preprocessing of NP-hard problems---plays a central role in parameterized complexity and has triggered an extensive line of research. This is in part due to a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Henning Fernau , Till Fluschnik , Danny Hermelin , Andreas Krebs , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier

We show that problems which have finite integer index and satisfy a requirement we call treewidth-bounding admit linear kernels on the class of $H$-topological-minor free graphs, for an arbitrary fixed graph $H$. This builds on earlier…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-07-16 Alexander Langer , Felix Reidl , Peter Rossmanith , Somnath Sikdar

We give the first linear kernels for the (Connected) Dominating Set problems on H-topological minor free graphs. We prove the existence of polynomial time algorithms that, for a given H-topological-minor-free graph G and a positive integer…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Fedor V. Fomin , Daniel Lokshtanov , Saket Saurabh , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

Fixed-parameter algorithms and kernelization are two powerful methods to solve $\mathsf{NP}$-hard problems. Yet, so far those algorithms have been largely restricted to static inputs. In this paper we provide fixed-parameter algorithms and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-04 Josh Alman , Matthias Mnich , Virginia Vassilevska Williams

A kernelization is an efficient algorithm that given an instance of a parameterized problem returns an equivalent instance of size bounded by some function of the input parameter value. It is quite well understood which problems do or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Leonid Antipov , Stefan Kratsch

Kernelization algorithms for the {\sc cluster editing} problem have been a popular topic in the recent research in parameterized computation. Thus far most kernelization algorithms for this problem are based on the concept of {\it critical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Yixin Cao , Jianer Chen

Kernelization algorithms, usually a preprocessing step before other more traditional algorithms, are very special in the sense that they return (reduced) instances, instead of final results. This characteristic excludes the freedom of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-10-04 Yixin Cao , Jianer Chen

The most efficient algorithms for finding maximum independent sets in both theory and practice use reduction rules to obtain a much smaller problem instance called a kernel. The kernel can then be solved quickly using exact or heuristic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Demian Hespe , Christian Schulz , Darren Strash