Related papers: Birefringence Measurements on Crystalline Silicon
Einstein Telescope (ET) is expected to achieve sensitivity improvements exceeding an order of magnitude compared to current gravitational-wave detectors. The rigorous characterization in optical birefringence of materials and coatings has…
The next generation of gravitational wave detectors will move to cryogenic operation in order to reduce thermal noise and thermal distortion. This necessitates a change in mirror substrate with silicon being a good candidate. Birefringence…
Cooling down test masses to cryogenic temperatures is a way to reduce the thermal noise of gravitational wave detectors. Crystalline materials are considered the most promising materials for fabricating cryogenic test masses and their…
Crystalline materials are promising candidates as substrates or high-reflective coatings of mirrors to reduce thermal noises in future laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors. However, birefringence of such materials could…
The interrogation of a sensor based on a highly birefringent film irradiated by an incident beam whose polarization is oriented 45o with respect to the normal film axes is shown to display exceptional features and resolve some outstanding…
Quantum interferometric sensing plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including quantum metrology, quantum imaging, and quantum lithography, where minute phase shifts carry valuable physical information. The strength of…
The sensitivity of future gravitational wave (GW) observatories will be limited by thermal noise in a wide frequency band. To reduce thermal noise, the European GW observatory Einstein GW Telescope (ET) is suggested to use crystalline…
Birefringence ($\Delta n$) is the dependence of the refractive index of a material on the polarization of light travelling through it. Birefringent materials are used as polarizers, waveplates, and for novel light-matter coupling. While…
A polarised light imaging microscopy with an addition of liquid crystal (LC) phase retarder was implemented to determine the birefringence of silk fibers with the high 2 micrometers spatial resolution. The measurement was carried out with…
The next generation of gravitational-wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope, is designed to reduce noise in a wide band of frequencies compared to the current generation, through the use of new technologies. ETpathfinder, designed…
Although current amorphous high-reflective mirror coatings have had tremendous success in metrology applications, they are inherently limited by thermal fluctuations in their coating structure. Alternatively, crystalline coating technology…
We present an in-situ method to measure the birefringence of a single vacuum window by means of microwave spectroscopy on an ensemble of cold atoms. Stress-induced birefringence can cause an ellipticity in the polarization of an initially…
High-quality test mass substrates play essential roles in laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Inhomogeneous birefringence distribution in test mass substrates, however, can degrade the sensitivity of the detector by…
Crystalline etalons present several advantages with respect to other types of filtergraphs when employed in magnetographs. Specially that they can be tuned by only applying electric fields. However, anisotropic crystalline etalons can also…
We observe an interference pattern using a simple fiber-optic interferometer consisting of an electrical spectrum analyzer and a narrowband light source, which is commonly employed for observing the Brillouin gain spectrum. This…
A shearing interferometer is presented which uses polarization control to shear the wavefront and to modulate the interference pattern. The shear is generated by spatial walk-off in a birefringent crystal. By adjusting the orientation of…
AlGaAs/GaAs coatings are being considered as coating candidates for gravitational-wave detectors. In this paper we investigate the birefringence properties of this crystalline semiconductor material by modulating the optical illumination on…
Common transparent polymer films such as cellophane and household tape are frequently used as examples of birefringent materials in textbooks and classroom demonstrations. Qualitatively, birefringence is often demonstrated by layering such…
A birefringent universe could show itself through a rotation of the plane of polarisation of the cosmic microwave background photons. This is usually investigated using polarisation $B$ modes, which is degenerate with miscalibration of the…
Star test polarimetry is an imaging polarimetry technique in which an element with spatially-varying birefringence is placed in the pupil plane to encode polarization information into the point-spread function (PSF) of an imaging system. In…