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Learning algorithm design for state-based games is investigated. A heuristic uncoupled learning algorithm, which is a two memory better reply with inertia dynamics, is proposed. Under certain reasonable conditions it is proved that for any…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Changxi Li , Yu Xing , Fenghua He , Daizhan Cheng

In game theory, the concept of Nash equilibrium reflects the collective stability of some individual strategies chosen by selfish agents. The concept pertains to different classes of games, e.g. the sequential games, where the agents play…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-01 Stephane Le Roux

We show that under some general conditions the finite memory determinacy of a class of two-player win/lose games played on finite graphs implies the existence of a Nash equilibrium built from finite memory strategies for the corresponding…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly

Motivated by the scarcity of accurate payoff feedback in practical applications of game theory, we examine a class of learning dynamics where players adjust their choices based on past payoff observations that are subject to noise and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-03 Mario Bravo , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

We characterize Nash equilibrium by postulating coherent behavior across varying games. Nash equilibrium is the only solution concept that satisfies the following axioms: (i) strictly dominant actions are played with positive probability,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-02 Florian Brandl , Felix Brandt

Adversarial training is a standard technique for training adversarially robust models. In this paper, we study adversarial training as an alternating best-response strategy in a 2-player zero-sum game. We prove that even in a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Maria-Florina Balcan , Rattana Pukdee , Pradeep Ravikumar , Hongyang Zhang

We show that under some general conditions the finite memory determinacy of a class of two-player win/lose games played on finite graphs implies the existence of a Nash equilibrium built from finite memory strategies for the corresponding…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly

In this paper, we examine the Nash equilibrium convergence properties of no-regret learning in general N-player games. For concreteness, we focus on the archetypal follow the regularized leader (FTRL) family of algorithms, and we consider…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Angeliki Giannou , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

Correlated equilibrium generalizes Nash equilibrium by allowing a central coordinator to guide players' actions through shared recommendations, similar to how routing apps guide drivers. We investigate how a coordinator can learn a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhenlong Fang , Aryan Deshwal , Yue Yu

Learning in games discusses the processes where multiple players learn their optimal strategies through the repetition of game plays. The dynamics of learning between two players in zero-sum games, such as Matching Pennies, where their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yuma Fujimoto , Kaito Ariu , Kenshi Abe

We investigate a class of reinforcement learning dynamics where players adjust their strategies based on their actions' cumulative payoffs over time - specifically, by playing mixed strategies that maximize their expected cumulative payoff…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , William H. Sandholm

A growing body of literature in networked systems research relies on game theory and mechanism design to model and address the potential lack of cooperation between self-interested users. Most game-theoretic models applied to system…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Nicolas Christin , Jens Grossklags , John Chuang

We consider the problem of simultaneous learning in stochastic games with many players in the finite-horizon setting. While the typical target solution for a stochastic game is a Nash equilibrium, this is intractable with many players. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-27 William Brown

We give a simple proof of the well-known result that the marginal strategies of a coarse correlated equilibrium form a Nash equilibrium in two-player zero-sum games. A corollary of this fact is that no-external-regret learning algorithms…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Revan MacQueen

In nature and society problems arise when different interests are difficult to reconcile, which are modeled in game theory. While most applications assume uncorrelated games, a more detailed modeling is necessary to consider the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 A. D. Correia , H. T. C. Stoof

The designs of many large-scale systems today, from traffic routing environments to smart grids, rely on game-theoretic equilibrium concepts. However, as the size of an $N$-player game typically grows exponentially with $N$, standard game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Paul Muller , Romuald Elie , Mark Rowland , Mathieu Lauriere , Julien Perolat , Sarah Perrin , Matthieu Geist , Georgios Piliouras , Olivier Pietquin , Karl Tuyls

An extensive literature in economics and social science addresses contests, in which players compete to outperform each other on some measurable criterion, often referred to as a player's score, or output. Players incur costs that are an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-01 Leslie Ann Goldberg , Paul W. Goldberg , Piotr Krysta , Carmine Ventre

Existing methods for learning Stackelberg equilibria typically assume that the followers' (variational, generalized) Nash equilibrium is unique. However, in the presence of multiple equilibria, without a selection convention, the problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Silvia Cianchi , Anibal Sanjab , Sergio Grammatico

We introduce and study incentive equilibria for multi-player meanpayoff games. Incentive equilibria generalise well-studied solution concepts such as Nash equilibria and leader equilibria (also known as Stackelberg equilibria). Recall that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Anshul Gupta , M. S. Krishna Deepak , Bharath Kumar Padarthi , Sven Schewe , Ashutosh Trivedi

The central result of classical game theory states that every finite normal form game has a Nash equilibrium, provided that players are allowed to use randomized (mixed) strategies. However, in practice, humans are known to be bad at…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-07 Pavel Hubáček , Moni Naor , Jonathan Ullman