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We provide a detailed analysis of the recently proposed setup for a loophole-free test of Bell inequality using conditionally generated non-Gaussian states of light and balanced homodyning. In the proposed scheme, a two-mode squeezed vacuum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Garcia-Patron , J. Fiurasek , N. J. Cerf

Entanglement is a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon and thus it has no classical analog. On the other hand, coherence is a well-known phenomenon in classical optics and in quantum mechanics. Recent research shows that quantum coherence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Anu Kumari , Satyabrata Adhikari

Analytical and numerical arguments are presented in case of a pair of two-state systems in a singlet state that the threshold visibility for testing Bell's theorem on the entire range of measurement settings is 33.3%. It is also shown that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gyula Bene

We introduce the challenges of multi-party quantum entanglement and explain a recent success in learning to take its measure. Given the widely accepted reputation of entanglement as a counter-intuitive feature of quantum theory, we first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Songbo Xie , J. H. Eberly

We propose an alternative evaluation of quantum entanglement by measuring the maximum violation of the Bell's inequality without performing a partial trace operation. This proposal is demonstrated by bridging the maximum violation of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Po-Yao Chang , Su-Kuan Chu , Chen-Te Ma

While all quantum algorithms can be expressed in terms of single-qubit and two-qubit gates, more expressive gate sets can help reduce the algorithmic depth. This is important in the presence of gate errors, especially those due to…

Bell's inequality sets a strict threshold for how strongly correlated the outcomes of measurements on two or more particles can be, if the outcomes of each measurement are independent of actions undertaken at arbitrarily distant locations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 David I. Kaiser

Facet inequalities play an important role in detecting the nonlocality of a quantum state. The number of such inequalities depends on the Bell test scenario. With the increase in the number of parties, measurement outcomes, or/and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-20 Arpan Das , Chandan Datta , Pankaj Agrawal

Self-testing is a device independent method which can be used to determine the nature of a physical system or device, without knowing any detail of the inner mechanism or the physical dimension of Hilbert space of the system. The only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-05 Xingyao Wu , Yu Cai , Tzyh Haur Yang , Huy Nguyen Le , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Valerio Scarani

We put bounds on the minimum detection efficiency necessary to violate local realism in Bell experiments. These bounds depends of simple parameters like the number of measurement settings or the dimensionality of the entangled quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Serge Massar , Stefano Pironio

The violation of Bell inequalities where both detection and locality loopholes are closed is crucial for device independent assessments of quantum information. While of technological nature, the simultaneous closing of both loopholes still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Colin Teo , Jiří Minář , Daniel Cavalcanti , Valerio Scarani

The efficiency of a Bell-state measurement on photon pairs is bound to 50\,\% due to the number of Bell states that can be distinguished using linear optics. Here we present the implementation of a protocol that allows us to distinguish all…

A systematic approach is presented to construct non-homogeneous two- and three-qubit Bell-type inequalities. When projector-like terms are subtracted from homogeneous two-qubit CHSH polynomial, non-homogeneous inequalities are attained and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-22 Mingjun Shi , Changliang Ren , Jiangfeng Du

This paper examines a quantitative and optimal lower bound on the detector efficiency in a (2,2,2) Bell experiment within a fully device-independent framework, whereby the detectors used in the experiment are uncharacterized. We provide a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Arkaprabha Ghosal , Soumyadip Patra , Peter Bierhorst

Quantum illumination is a protocol for detecting a low-reflectivity target by using two-mode entangled states composed of signal and idler modes, which can outperform unentangled states. We study multi-qudit states for single-shot detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Sunghwa Kang , Yonggi Jo , Jihwan Kim , Zaeill Kim , Duk Y. Kim , Su-Yong Lee

We show that a Bell inequality test using an optical hybrid state between a polarized single photon and a coherent field can be highly robust against detection inefficiency. The Bell violation occurs until the efficiency becomes as low as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-11 Hyukjoon Kwon , Hyunseok Jeong

We have determined the maximum quantum violation of 241 tight bipartite Bell inequalities with up to five two-outcome measurement settings per party by constructing the appropriate measurement operators in up to six-dimensional complex and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-04 K. F. Pál , T. Vértesi

In this paper, we propose a protocol for complete Bell-state analysis for two superconducting-quantum-interference-device qubits. The Bell-state analysis could be completed by using a sequence of microwave pulses designed by the transition-…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Yi-Hao Kang , Ye-Hong Chen , Zhi-Cheng Shi , Bi-Hua Huang , Jie Song , Yan Xia

We propose a feasible optical setup allowing for a loophole-free Bell test with efficient homodyne detection. A non-gaussian entangled state is generated from a two-mode squeezed vacuum by subtracting a single photon from each mode, using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Garcia-Patron Sanchez , J. Fiurasek , N. J. Cerf , J. Wenger , R. Tualle-Brouri , Ph. Grangier

Quantum correlations may violate the Bell inequalities. Most of the experimental schemes confirming this prediction have been realized in all-optical Bell tests suffering from the detection loophole. Experiment which closes this loophole…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-23 Magdalena Stobińska , Pavel Sekatski , Adam Buraczewski , Nicolas Gisin , Gerd Leuchs