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Undersampled inverse problems occur everywhere in the sciences including medical imaging, radar, astronomy etc., yielding underdetermined linear or non-linear reconstruction problems. There are now a myriad of techniques to design decoders…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-29 Nina Maria Gottschling , Paolo Campodonico , Vegard Antun , Anders C. Hansen

We present a new proof of the quantum Cramer-Rao bound for precision parameter estimation [1-3] and extend it to a more general class of measurement procedures. We analyze a generalized framework for parameter estimation that covers most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-28 Garry Goldstein , Mikhail D. Lukin , Paola Cappellaro

To address the issue of feature descriptors being ineffective in representing grayscale feature information when images undergo high affine transformations, leading to a rapid decline in feature matching accuracy, this paper proposes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Shaojie Zhang , Yinghui Wang , Bin Nan , Wei Li , Jinlong Yang , Tao Yan , Yukai Wang , Liangyi Huang , Mingfeng Wang , Ibragim R. Atadjanov

Motivated by the task of 2-D classification in single particle reconstruction by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we consider the problem of heterogeneous multireference alignment of images. In this problem, the goal is to estimate a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-03 Chao Ma , Tamir Bendory , Nicolas Boumal , Fred Sigworth , Amit Singer

Single molecule localization microscopy has the potential to resolve structural details of biological samples at the nanometer length scale. However, to fully exploit the resolution it is crucial to account for the anisotropic emission…

This paper derives a general expression for the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) of wireless localization algorithms using range measurements subject to bias corruption. Specifically, the a priori knowledge about which range measurements are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Tao Wang

Precision measurement has been an important research area in sensing and metrology. In classical physics, the Fisher information determines the maximum extractable information from statistically unknown signals, based on a joint probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Byoung S. Ham

A generic modular array architecture is proposed, featuring uniform/non-uniform subarray layouts that allows for flexible deployment. The bistatic near-field sensing system is considered, where the target is located in the near-field of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Chunwei Meng , Dingyou Ma , Xu Chen , Zhiyong Feng , Yuanwei Liu

Motivation: Post-processing of in-vivo diffusion tensor CMR (DT-CMR) is challenging due to the low SNR and variation in contrast between frames which makes image registration difficult, and the need to manually reject frames corrupted by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Fanwen Wang , Pedro F. Ferreira , Camila Munoz , Ke Wen , Yaqing Luo , Jiahao Huang , Yinzhe Wu , Dudley J. Pennell , Andrew D. Scott , Sonia Nielles-Vallespin , Guang Yang

Standard deviation measurements of intensity profiles of stationary single fluorescent molecules are useful for studying axial localization, molecular orientation, and a fluorescence imaging system's spatial resolution. Here we report on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-13 Michael C. DeSantis , Shawn H. DeCenzo , Je-Luen Li , Y. M. Wang

Deformable registration has been one of the pillars of biomedical image computing. Conventional approaches refer to the definition of a similarity criterion that, once endowed with a deformation model and a smoothness constraint, determines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Enzo Ferrante , Puneet K. Dokania , Rafael Marini Silva , Nikos Paragios

Precision measurements with quantum systems rely on our ability to trace the differences between experimental signals to variations in unknown physical parameters. In this Letter we derive the Fisher information and the ensuing Cramer-Rao…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Søren Gammelmark , Klaus Mølmer

Multi-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) image registration is useful in the clinic to achieve fast and accurate imaging-based disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Nevertheless, the efficiency and performance of the existing registration…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-17 Weijian Huang , Hao Yang , Xinfeng Liu , Cheng Li , Ian Zhang , Rongpin Wang , Hairong Zheng , Shanshan Wang

The quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound is a cornerstone of modern quantum metrology, as it provides the ultimate precision in parameter estimation. In the multiparameter scenario, this bound becomes a matrix inequality, which can be cast to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Aaron Z. Goldberg , Luis L. Sánchez-Soto , Hugo Ferretti

Recently, variational methods were successfully applied for computing the optical flow in gray and RGB-valued image sequences. A crucial assumption in these models is that pixel-values do not change under transformations. Nowadays, modern…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Manuel Gräf , Sebastian Neumayer , Ralf Hielscher , Gabriele Steidl , Moritz Liesegang , Tilman Beck

Feature alignment methods are used in many scientific disciplines for data pooling, annotation, and comparison. As an instance of a permutation learning problem, feature alignment presents significant statistical and computational…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-23 Yanjun Han , Philippe Rigollet , George Stepaniants

Several current ultra-wide band applications, such as millimeter wave radar and communication systems, require high sampling rates and therefore expensive and energy-hungry analogto-digital converters (ADCs). In applications where cost and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-28 Petre Stoica , Xiaolei Shang , Yuanbo Cheng

The most prevalent routine for camera calibration is based on the detection of well-defined feature points on a purpose-made calibration artifact. These could be checkerboard saddle points, circles, rings or triangles, often printed on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Morten Hannemose , Jakob Wilm , Jeppe Revall Frisvad

Vision foundation models (VFMs) have achieved strong performance across various vision tasks. However, it still remains challenging to apply VFMs for cross-domain few-shot segmentation (CD-FSS), which segments objects of novel classes under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Junyuan Ma , Xunzhi Xiang , Wenbin Li , Qi Fan , Yang Gao

This paper considers estimation of sparse covariance matrices and establishes the optimal rate of convergence under a range of matrix operator norm and Bregman divergence losses. A major focus is on the derivation of a rate sharp minimax…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-14 T. Tony Cai , Harrison H. Zhou