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The $k$-median and $k$-means clustering objectives are classic objectives for modeling clustering in a metric space. Given a set of points in a metric space, the goal of the $k$-median (resp. $k$-means) problem is to find $k$ representative…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Karthik C. S. , David Saulpic , Chris Schwiegelshohn

Clustering is an important task with applications in many fields of computer science. We study the fully dynamic setting in which we want to maintain good clusters efficiently when input points (from a metric space) can be inserted and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Hendrik Fichtenberger , Monika Henzinger , Andreas Wiese

We study the problem of $k$-means clustering in the space of straight-line segments in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ under the Hausdorff distance. For this problem, we give a $(1+\epsilon)$-approximation algorithm that, for an input of $n$ segments, for…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Sergio Cabello , Panos Giannopoulos

We present data streaming algorithms for the $k$-median problem in high-dimensional dynamic geometric data streams, i.e. streams allowing both insertions and deletions of points from a discrete Euclidean space $\{1, 2, \ldots \Delta\}^d$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Vladimir Braverman , Gereon Frahling , Harry Lang , Christian Sohler , Lin F. Yang

We show that both clustering and subspace embeddings can be performed in the streaming model with the same asymptotic efficiency as in the central/offline setting. For $(k, z)$-clustering in the streaming model, we achieve a number of words…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Liudeng Wang , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

The problem of constrained clustering has attracted significant attention in the past decades. In this paper, we study the balanced $k$-center, $k$-median, and $k$-means clustering problems where the size of each cluster is constrained by…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Hu Ding

We present the first algorithm for fully dynamic $k$-centers clustering in an arbitrary metric space that maintains an optimal $2+\epsilon$ approximation in $O(k \cdot \operatorname{polylog}(n,\Delta))$ amortized update time. Here, $n$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-15 MohammadHossein Bateni , Hossein Esfandiari , Rajesh Jayaram , Vahab Mirrokni

This paper presents universal algorithms for clustering problems, including the widely studied $k$-median, $k$-means, and $k$-center objectives. The input is a metric space containing all potential client locations. The algorithm must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Arun Ganesh , Bruce M. Maggs , Debmalya Panigrahi

Clustering is a fundamental primitive in unsupervised learning. However, classical algorithms for $k$-clustering (such as $k$-median and $k$-means) assume access to exact pairwise distances -- an unrealistic requirement in many modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Rahul Raychaudhury , Aryan Esmailpour , Sainyam Galhotra , Stavros Sintos

The input to the $k$-median for lines problem is a set $L$ of $n$ lines in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and the goal is to compute a set of $k$ centers (points) in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that minimizes the sum of squared distances over every line in $L$ and its…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yair Marom , Dan Feldman

We study the consistent k-center clustering problem. In this problem, the goal is to maintain a constant factor approximate $k$-center solution during a sequence of $n$ point insertions and deletions while minimizing the recourse, i.e., the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Jakub Łącki , Bernhard Haeupler , Christoph Grunau , Václav Rozhoň , Rajesh Jayaram

The $k$-Means clustering problem on $n$ points is NP-Hard for any dimension $d\ge 2$, however, for the 1D case there exists exact polynomial time algorithms. Previous literature reported an $O(kn^2)$ time dynamic programming algorithm that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Allan Grønlund , Kasper Green Larsen , Alexander Mathiasen , Jesper Sindahl Nielsen , Stefan Schneider , Mingzhou Song

Max-Cut is a fundamental combinatorial optimization problem that has been studied in various computational settings. We initiate the study of its streaming complexity in \emph{general metric spaces} with access to distance oracles. We give…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Pan Peng , Haoze Wang

We consider the classic $k$-center problem {in the constant dimensional Euclidean space} under a parallel setting, on the low-local-space Massively Parallel Computation (MPC) model, with local space per machine of ${O}(n^{\delta})$, where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sam Coy , Artur Czumaj , Gopinath Mishra

We design replicable algorithms in the context of statistical clustering under the recently introduced notion of replicability from Impagliazzo et al. [2022]. According to this definition, a clustering algorithm is replicable if, with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Hossein Esfandiari , Amin Karbasi , Vahab Mirrokni , Grigoris Velegkas , Felix Zhou

The sliding window model generalizes the standard streaming model and often performs better in applications where recent data is more important or more accurate than data that arrived prior to a certain time. We study the problem of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Vladimir Braverman , Viska Wei , Samson Zhou

In fully dynamic clustering problems, a clustering of a given data set in a metric space must be maintained while it is modified through insertions and deletions of individual points. In this paper, we resolve the complexity of fully…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-22 MohammadHossein Bateni , Hossein Esfandiari , Hendrik Fichtenberger , Monika Henzinger , Rajesh Jayaram , Vahab Mirrokni , Andreas Wiese

Given a stream of points in a metric space, is it possible to maintain a constant approximate clustering by changing the cluster centers only a small number of times during the entire execution of the algorithm? This question received…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Hendrik Fichtenberger , Silvio Lattanzi , Ashkan Norouzi-Fard , Ola Svensson

We design new parallel algorithms for clustering in high-dimensional Euclidean spaces. These algorithms run in the Massively Parallel Computation (MPC) model, and are fully scalable, meaning that the local memory in each machine may be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Artur Czumaj , Guichen Gao , Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Robert Krauthgamer , Pavel Veselý

We consider online $k$-means clustering where each new point is assigned to the nearest cluster center, after which the algorithm may update its centers. The loss incurred is the sum of squared distances from new points to their assigned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Robi Bhattacharjee , Jacob Imola , Michal Moshkovitz , Sanjoy Dasgupta