Related papers: Introduction to the physics of artificial gauge fi…
Electromagnetism is a simple example of a gauge theory where the underlying potentials -- the vector and scalar potentials -- are defined only up to a gauge choice. The vector potential generates magnetic fields through its spatial…
The dynamics of ultracold neutral atoms subject to a non-Abelian gauge field is investigated. In particular we analyze in detail a simple experimental scheme to achieve a constant, but non-Abelian gauge field, and discuss in the frame of…
Artificial gauge fields allow uncharged particles to mimic the behavior of charged particles subjected to magnetic fields, providing a powerful platform for exploring topological physics. Neutral particles, like photons, are typically…
A new technique is described by which light-induced gauge potentials allow systems of ultra-cold neutral atoms to behave like charged particles in a magnetic field. Here, atoms move in a uniform laser field with a spatially varying Zeeman…
We present a general scheme for synthesizing a spatially periodic magnetic field, or a magnetic lattice (ML), for ultracold atoms using pulsed gradient magnetic fields. Both the period and the depth of the artificial ML can be tuned, immune…
I point out two of the subtleties referred to in the title. The first is that gauge-invariant magnetic systems may realized under general circumstances, as suggested by a simple theorem. The second subtlety is that care is needed to…
Artificial magnetic fields and spin-orbit couplings have been recently generated in ultracold gases in view of realizing topological states of matter and frustrated magnetism in a highly-controllable environment. Despite being dynamically…
Cold neutral atoms provide a versatile and controllable platform for emulating various quantum systems. Despite efforts to develop artificial gauge fields in these systems, realizing a unique ideal-solenoid-shaped magnetic field within the…
The quest of utilizing neutral particles to simulate the behaviour of charged particles in a magnetic field makes the generation of artificial magnetic field of great interest. The previous and the only proposal for the production of…
Cold atomic gases of interacting bosons subject to rapid rotation and confined in anharmonic traps can theoretically exhibit analogues of the fractional quantum Hall effect for electrons in strong magnetic fields. In this setting the…
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices serve as a tool to model different physical phenomena appearing originally in condensed matter. To study magnetic phenomena one needs to engineer synthetic fields as atoms are neutral. Appropriately…
Emergence of fundamental forces from gauge symmetry is among our most profound insights about the physical universe. In nature, such symmetries remain hidden in the space of internal degrees of freedom of subatomic particles. Here we…
The discovery of artificial gauge fields, controlling the dynamics of uncharged particles that otherwise elude the influence of standard electric or magnetic fields, has revolutionized the field of quantum simulation. Hence, developing new…
Neutral particles subject to artificial gauge potentials can behave as charged particles in magnetic fields. This fascinating premise has led to demonstrations of one-way waveguides, topologically protected edge states and Landau levels for…
The Landau levels of cold atomic gases in non-Abelian gauge fields are analyzed. In particular we identify effects on the energy spectrum and density distribution which are purely due to the non-Abelian character of the fields. We…
We describe a simple technique for generating a cold-atom lattice pierced by a uniform magnetic field. Our method is to extend a one-dimensional optical lattice into the "dimension" provided by the internal atomic degrees of freedom,…
Using exact diagonalization for a small system of cold bosonic atoms, we analyze the emergence of strongly correlated states in the presence of an artificial magnetic field. This gauge field is generated by a laser beam that couples two…
Gauge theories represent a fundamental framework underlying modern physics, constituting the basis of the Standard Model and also providing useful descriptions of various phenomena in condensed matter. Realizing gauge theories on accessible…
Electromagnetism, the strong and the weak interaction are commonly formulated as gauge theories in a Lagrangian description. In this paper we present an alternative formal derivation of U(1)-gauge theory in a manifestly covariant Hamilton…
We demonstrate how to create artificial external non-Abelian gauge potentials acting on cold atoms in optical lattices. The method employs $n$ internal states of atoms and laser assisted state sensitive tunneling. Thus, dynamics are…