Related papers: Galaxy alignments: An overview
Gravitational weak lensing by large scale structures is view as a tool to probe the bias relation between the mass and the light distributions. It is explained how a particular statistic can be used to deproject the 2D mass distribution…
Simple analytic arguments are used to understand the predominantly filamentary web in the large-scale distribution of galaxies. Numerical simulations of superclusters are performed to assess the feasibility of directly mapping the…
Advances in theoretical ideas on how galaxies formed have not been strongly influenced by the advances in observations of what might be in the voids between the concentrations of ordinary optically selected galaxies. The theory and…
Context. Gravitational collapse theory and numerical simulations suggest that the velocity field within large-scale galaxy filaments is dominated by motions along the filaments. Aims. Our aim is to check whether observational data reveal…
According to the theory of general relativity, masses deflect light in a way similar to convex glass lenses. This gravitational lensing effect is astigmatic, giving rise to image distortions. These distortions allow to quantify cosmic…
Gravitational lensing in clusters of galaxies is an efficient tool to probe the mass distribution of galaxies and clusters, high redshift objects thanks to the gravitational amplification, and the geometry of the universe. We review some…
Galaxies, in particular disc galaxies, contain a number of structures and substructures with well defined morphological, photometric and kinematic properties. Considerable theoretical effort has been put into explaining their formation and…
I set the stage for discussion of the stellar populations in interacting galaxies by looking back over the slow development of our understanding of these systems. From early anecdotal collections, to systematic cataloging, and finally to…
Measurements from galaxies spanning a broad range of morphology reveal a linear scaling of enclosed dark to luminous mass that is not anticipated by standard galaxy formation cosmology. The linear scaling is found to extend from the inner…
I critically review a methodology of using clusters of galaxies as cosmological probes. The understanding of the abundances and spatial correlations of dark matter halos has been significantly advanced especially for a last few years.…
In the paper we discussed the observational aspects of rotation in the Universe on different scales. We show dependence between the angular momentum of the structures and their size. The presented observational situation is that the…
Measurements of the kinematics of merging galaxies are often used to derive dynamical masses, study evolution onto the fundamental plane, or probe relaxation processes. These measurements are often compromised to some degree by strong…
Dwarf galaxies provide opportunities for drawing inferences about the processes in the early universe by observing our "cosmological backyard"-the Local Group and its vicinity. This special issue of the open-access journal Advances in…
This review presents a comprehensive overview of galaxy bias, that is, the statistical relation between the distribution of galaxies and matter. We focus on large scales where cosmic density fields are quasi-linear. On these scales, the…
Cosmic structures at large scales represent the earliest and most extended form of matter condensation. In this lecture we review the application of the methods and concepts of modern statistical physics to these structures. This leads to a…
Gravitational-collapse-based explanations of the cosmic web lead to problems in estimating the total mass in the universe. A first-principles several-scales model is developed here for the structural organisation of cosmic matter in a flat…
We argue that combined observations of galaxy rotation curves and gravitational lensing not only allow the deduction of a galaxy's mass profile, but also yield information about the pressure in the galactic fluid. We quantify this statement…
Matter in the Universe is arranged in a cosmic web, with a filament of matter typically connecting each neighbouring galaxy pair, separated by tens of millions of light-years. A quadrupolar pattern of the spin field around filaments is…
The last decade has seen an enormous increase of activity in the field of gravitational lensing, mainly driven by improvements of observational capabilities. I will review the basics of gravitational lens theory, just enough to understand…
Maps of cosmic structure produced by galaxy surveys are one of the key tools for answering fundamental questions about the Universe. Accurate theoretical predictions for these quantities are needed to maximize the scientific return of these…