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We use scanning near-field optical microscopy to study the response of hexagonal boron nitride nanocones at infrared frequencies, where this material behaves as a hyperbolic medium. The obtained images are dominated by a series of hot rings…

A fundamental building block for nanophotonics is the ability to achieve negative refraction of polaritons, because this could enable the demonstration of many unique nanoscale applications such as deep-subwavelength imaging, superlens, and…

The hyperbolic phonon-polaritons within the Reststrahlen band of hBN are of great interest for applications in nanophotonics as they are capable of propagating light signals with low losses over large distances. However, due to the phononic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Matthias Maier , Andrei Nemilentsau , Tony Low , Mitchell Luskin

Graphene is a unique material to study fundamental limits of plasmonics. Apart from the ultimate single-layer thickness, its carrier concentration can be tuned by chemical doping or applying an electric field. In this manner the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-11-30 Dmitry A. Kuzmin , Igor V. Bychkov , Vladimir G. Shavrov , Vasily V. Temnov

Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in orthorhombic-phase molybdenum trioxide ($\alpha$-MoO3) show in-plane hyperbolicity, great wavelength compression and ultra-long lifetime, therefore holding great potential in nanophotonic…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-11-25 Weikang Dong , Ruishi Qi , Tiansheng Liu , Yi Li , Ning Li , Ze Hua , Zirui Gao , Shuyuan Zhang , Kaihui Liu , Jiandong Guo , Peng Gao

We investigate the optical properties of sub-wavelength layered metal/dielectric structures, also known as hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), using exact analytical Kronig Penney (KP) model. We show that hyperbolic isofrequency surfaces exist…

Optics · Physics 2016-09-09 Tengfei Li , Jacob B. Khurgin

Natural hyperbolic materials (HMs) in two dimensions (2D) have an extraordinarily high anisotropy and a hyperbolic dispersion relation. Some of them can even sustain hyperbolic polaritons with great directional propagation and light…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-12-16 Guangyi Jia , Jinxuan Luo , Huaiwen Wang , Qiaoyun Ma , Qinggang Liu , Haitao Dai , Reza Asgari

Harnessing electronic excitations involving coherent coupling to bosonic modes is essential for the design and control of emergent phenomena in quantum materials [1]. In situations where charge carriers induce a lattice distortion due to…

In mirror-symmetric systems, there is a possibility of the realization of extended gapless electronic states characterized as nodal lines or rings. Strain induced modifications to these states lead to emergence of different classes of nodal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-24 Ashutosh Singh , Maria Sebastian , Yuanping Chen , Po-Yao Chang , Alexey Belyanin

The goal of nanophotonics is to control and manipulate light at length scales below the diffraction limit. Typically nanostructured metals are used for this purpose, light being confined by exploiting the surface plasmon-polaritons such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Martin J. Gentile , William L. Barnes

Manipulating light at the nanoscale with minimal loss remains a central challenge for nanophotonic technologies that can be tackled by using the direction-dependent polariton modes supported by anisotropic materials. Although best known for…

Manipulating nanoscale light-matter interactions on ultrafast time scales is indispensable for future polaritonic devices. Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in van der Waals materials enable deep subwavelength confinement of…

Hyperbolic polaritons exhibit large photonic density of states and can be collimated in certain propagation directions. The majority of hyperbolic polaritons are sustained in man-made metamaterials. However, natural-occurring hyperbolic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-28 Fanjie Wang , Chong Wang , Andrey Chaves , Chaoyu Song , Guowei Zhang , Shenyang Huang , Yuchen Lei , Qiaoxia Xing , Lei Mu , Yuangang Xie , Hugen Yan

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are generated on the graphene surface, and provide a window into the nano-optical and electrodynamic response of their host material and its dielectric environment. An accurate simulation of SPPs presents…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Jichun Li , Michael Neunteufel , Li Zhu

Holey graphene (HG) is a novel two-dimensional (2D) material that has attracted considerable attention due to its remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The recent discovery of flat bands in HG has garnered significant…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-01 Abdiel de Jesús Espinosa-Champo , Gerardo G. Naumis

Magnetized charge-neutral graphene supports collective hybrid electronic excitations - polaritons - which have quantum origin. In contrast to polaritons in doped graphene, which arise from intraband electronic transitions, those in…

Polar dielectrics with low crystal symmetry and sharp phonon resonances can support hyperbolic shear polaritons - highly confined surface modes with frequency-dependent optical axes and asymmetric dissipation features. So far, these modes…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-12 Enrico Maria Renzi , Emanuele Galiffi , Xiang Ni , Andrea Alù

Phonon-polaritons, mixed excitations of light coupled to lattice vibrations (phonons), are emerging as a powerful platform for nanophotonic applications. This is because of their ability to concentrate light into extreme sub-wavelength…

In this article, tunable surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in graphene-based elliptical waveguides containing gyro-electric layers are investigated. The general structure has an elliptical cross-section, where each gyro-electric layer is…

Surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) - the surface-bound electromagnetic modes of a polar material resulting from the coupling of light with optic phonons - offer immense technological opportunities for nanophotonics in the infrared (IR)…