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A contact form $\lambda$ on a closed contact three-manifold $(M,\xi)$ is called weakly convex if either it has no contractible Reeb orbit, or the first Chern class of $\xi$ vanishes on $\pi_2(M)$, and the index of every contractible Reeb…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Ana Kelly de Oliveira , Pedro A. S. Salomão

We show that every (possibly degenerate) contact form on a closed three-manifold has at least two embedded Reeb orbits. We also show that if there are only finitely many embedded Reeb orbits, then their symplectic actions are not all…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-01-07 Daniel Cristofaro-Gardiner , Michael Hutchings

Symplectic capacities are invariants in symplectic geometry that are used to obstruct symplectic embeddings. From a certain symplectic capacity, the Ekeland-Hofer-Zehnder capacity, one can construct the systolic ratio, which measures the…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Matthew Zediker

In this paper we prove the existence of infinitely many closed Reeb orbits for a certain class of contact manifolds. This result can be viewed as a contact analogue of the Hamiltonian Conley conjecture. The manifolds for which the contact…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-07-08 Viktor L. Ginzburg , Basak Z. Gurel , Leonardo Macarini

We draw connections between the field of contact topology and the study of Beltrami fields in hydrodynamics on Riemannian manifolds in dimension three. We demonstrate an equivalence between Reeb fields (vector fields which preserve a…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 J. Etnyre , R. Ghrist

Nondegenerate periodic orbits in three-dimensional Reeb flows can be classified into three types, positive hyperbolic, negative hyperbolic and elliptic. As a problem which involves refining the three-dimensional Weinstein conjecture, D.…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Taisuke Shibata

We develop a forcing theory of topological entropy for Reeb flows in dimension $3$. A transverse link $L$ in a closed contact $3$-manifold $(Y,\xi)$ is said to force topological entropy if $(Y,\xi)$ admits a Reeb flow with vanishing…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-04-22 Marcelo R. R. Alves , Abror Pirnapasov

We prove that for a $C^\infty$-generic contact form defining a given co-oriented contact structure on a closed $3$-manifold, every hyperbolic periodic Reeb orbit admits a transverse homoclinic connection in each of the branches of its…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Vincent Colin , Umberto Hryniewicz , Ana Rechtman

We introduce a local version of contact homology for an isolated periodic orbit of the Reeb flow and prove that its rank is uniformly bounded for isolated iterations. Several applications are obtained, including a generalization of…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-09-24 Umberto Hryniewicz , Leonardo Macarini

Consider a holomorphic contact manifold. Holomorphic discs tangent to the contact planes define a pseudometric on the manifold. This pseudometric integrates to a pseudodistance. When the pseudodistance is a distance, we call the contact…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Filippo Bracci , Benjamin McKay , Riccardo Ugolini

We classify tight contact structures on the small Seifert fibered 3--manifold M(-1; r_1, r_2, r_3) with r_i in (0,1) and r_1, r_2 \geq 1/2. The result is obtained by combining convex surface theory with computations of contact…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Paolo Ghiggini , Paolo Lisca , Andras I. Stipsicz

A long-standing conjecture in Hamiltonian Dynamics states that the Reeb flow of any convex hypersurface in $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$ carries an elliptic closed orbit. Two important contributions toward its proof were given by Ekeland in 1986 and…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-03-08 Miguel Abreu , Leonardo Macarini

Our purpose here is to adapt the results of Geodesic circle foliations for Reeb flows or Hamiltonian flows on contact manifolds. Consequently, all periods are exactly the same if the contact manifold is connected and all orbits on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Yoshihisa Miyanishi

We show that the $\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$-valued linking forms on rational homology spheres are (anti-) symmetric and we compute the linking form of a 3-dimensional rational homology sphere in terms of a Heegaard splitting. Both results have…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Anthony Conway , Stefan Friedl , Gerrit Herrmann

On every closed contact manifold there exist contact forms with volume one whose Reeb flows have arbitrarily small topological entropy. In contrast, for many closed manifolds there is a uniform positive lower bound for the topological…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Alberto Abbondandolo , Marcelo R. R. Alves , Murat Saglam , Felix Schlenk

We exhibit the first examples of contact structures on $S^{2n-1}$ with $n\geq 4$ and on $S^3\times S^2$, all equipped with their standard smooth structures, for which every Reeb flow has positive topological entropy. As a new technical tool…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-21 Marcelo R. R. Alves , Matthias Meiwes

Through the use of sub-Riemannian metrics we provide quantitative estimates for the maximal tight neighbourhood of a Reeb orbit on a three-dimensional contact manifold. Under appropriate geometric conditions we show how to construct closed…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Andrei A. Agrachev , Stefano Baranzini , Eugenio Bellini , Luca Rizzi

We prove the $3$-manifold $\RP^3 \# \RP^3$ is of $\Z_{2}$-coefficient homology $(1, 2)$-systolic freedom. Given a Riemannian metric on $\RP^{3}\# \RP^{3}$, we define $\Z_{2}$-coefficient homology $1$-systole as the infimum of lengths of all…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Lizhi Chen

Normal contact behaviour between non adhesive fractal rough particles is studied using a finite element method (FEM). A series of spherical grain surfaces with distinguished roughness features are generated by means of Spherical Harmonics.…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-07-14 Deheng Wei , Chongpu Zhai , Dorian A. H. Hanaor , Yixiang Gan

Let A be an affine variety inside a complex N dimensional vector space which has an isolated singularity at the origin. The intersection of A with a very small sphere turns out to be a contact manifold called the link of A. Any contact…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-04-30 Mark McLean