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We show that a set of gates that consists of all one-bit quantum gates (U(2)) and the two-bit exclusive-or gate (that maps Boolean values $(x,y)$ to $(x,x \oplus y)$) is universal in the sense that all unitary operations on arbitrarily many…

The reversible implementation of classical functions accounts for the bulk of most known quantum algorithms. As a result, a number of reversible circuit constructions over the Clifford+$T$ gate set have been developed in recent years which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-08 Matthew Amy , Neil J. Ross

In this paper, reversible circuits consisting of NOT, CNOT and 2-CNOT gates are studied. Several asymptotically optimal by the order of magnitude synthesis methods are described. Some circuit's complexity reduction approaches are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Dmitry V. Zakablukov

Universal gate sets for quantum computation, when single and two qubit operations are accessible, include both Hermitian and non-Hermitian gates. Here we utilize the fact that any single-qubit operator may be implemented as two Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Ben Zindorf , Sougato Bose

We define and study the complexity of robust polynomials for Boolean functions and the related fault-tolerant quantum decision trees, where input bits are perturbed by noise. We compare several different possible definitions. Our main…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Ilan Newman , Hein Roehrig , Ronald de Wolf

Simulating the dynamics of electrons and other fermionic particles in quantum chemistry, materials science, and high-energy physics is one of the most promising applications of fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, the overhead in…

Reversible logic can provide lower switching energy costs relative to all irreversible logic, including those developed by industry in semiconductor circuits, however, more research is needed to understand what is possible. Superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-05-11 Kevin D. Osborn , Waltraut Wustmann

Several cryptographic systems depend upon the computational difficulty of reversing cryptographic hash functions. Robust hash functions transform inputs to outputs in such a way that the inputs cannot be later retrieved in a reasonable…

Reversible logic has become one of the promising research directions in low power dissipating circuit design in the past few years and has found its applications in low power CMOS design, cryptography, optical information processing and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-23 Md. Saiful Islam

Recently, reversible circuit synthesis has been intensively studied. One of the problems that has not been solved for a long time was exact minimization of gate count (GC) in 4-bit circuits. Finally, last year a tool of practical usage for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Marek Szyprowski , Pawel Kerntopf

All-to-all interactions arise naturally in many areas of theoretical physics and across diverse experimental quantum platforms, motivating a systematic study of their information-processing power. Assuming each pair of qubits interacts with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Chao Yin

Landauer's principle places a fundamental lower limit on the work required to perform a logically irreversible operation. Logically reversible gates provide a way to avoid these work costs, and also simplify the task of making the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Ian Seet , Thomas E. Ouldridge , Jonathan P. K. Doye

We suggest a nanoelectromechanical setup that generates properly entangled ancillary ("ancilla") qubits for error correction algorithms in quantum computing, demonstrated as an encoder for the three-qubit bit flip code. The setup is based…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Danko Radić , Leonid Y. Gorelik , Sergei I. Kulinich , Robert I. Shekhter

We show that $n$-bit integers can be factorized by independently running a quantum circuit with $\tilde{O}(n^{3/2})$ gates for $\sqrt{n}+4$ times, and then using polynomial-time classical post-processing. The correctness of the algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Oded Regev

Quantum compiling, a process that decomposes the quantum algorithm into a series of hardware-compatible commands or elementary gates, is of fundamental importance for quantum computing. We introduce an efficient algorithm based on deep…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-22 Yuan-Hang Zhang , Pei-Lin Zheng , Yi Zhang , Dong-Ling Deng

We investigate the amount of noise required to turn a universal quantum gate set into one that can be efficiently modelled classically. This question is useful for providing upper bounds on fault tolerant thresholds, and for understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Virmani , Susana F. Huelga , Martin B. Plenio

We provide a complete set of identities for the symmetric monoidal category, TOF, generated by the Toffoli gate and computational ancillary bits. We do so by demonstrating that the functor which evaluates circuits on total points, is an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-01-30 J. R. B. Cockett , Cole Comfort

In quantum computing the decoherence time of the qubits determines the computation time available and this time is very limited when using current hardware. In this paper we minimize the execution time (the depth) for a class of circuits…

Reversible logic synthesis is a crucial component in quantum electronic design automation. While rule-based methodologies have gained prominence in reversible circuit optimization, the completeness of the transformation rule systems is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 Shiguang Feng , Lvzhou Li

This paper investigates the synthesis of quantum networks built to realize ternary switching circuits in the absence of ancilla bits. The results we established are twofold. The first shows that ternary Swap, ternary Not and ternary Toffoli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Guowu Yang , Xiaoyu Song , Marek Perkowski , Jinzhao Wu