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The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) is a well-known example of monotonic reasoning, of intense practical interest due to fast solvers, complemented by rigorous fine-grained complexity results. However, for non-monotonic reasoning,…
This paper studies the problem of finding the exact ranking from noisy comparisons. A comparison over a set of $m$ items produces a noisy outcome about the most preferred item, and reveals some information about the ranking. By repeatedly…
Large language model (LLM) evaluation platforms increasingly rely on pairwise human judgments. These data are noisy, sparse, and non-uniform, yet leaderboards are reported with limited uncertainty quantification. We study this as…
The rankable and compressible sets have been studied for more than a quarter of a century, ever since Allender [1] and Goldberg and Sipser [6] introduced the formal study of polynomial-time ranking. Yet even after all that time, whether the…
A class of valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSPs) is characterised by a valued constraint language, a fixed set of cost functions on a finite domain. An instance of the problem is specified by a sum of cost functions from the…
We study the congested assignment problem as introduced by Bogomolnaia and Moulin (2023). We show that deciding whether a competitive assignment exists can be done in polynomial time, while deciding whether an envy-free assignment exists is…
We propose an extension of the framework for discussing the computational complexity of problems involving uncountably many objects, such as real numbers, sets and functions, that can be represented only through approximation. The key idea…
For a Boolean function $\Phi\colon\{0,1\}^d\to\{0,1\}$ and an assignment to its variables $\mathbf{x}=(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_d)$ we consider the problem of finding the subsets of the variables that are sufficient to determine the function…
Motivated by satisfiability of constraints with function symbols, we consider numerical inequalities on non-negative integers. The constraints we consider are a conjunction of a linear system Ax = b and a conjunction of (non-)convex…
Program termination is a hot research topic in program analysis. The last few years have witnessed the development of termination analyzers for programming languages such as C and Java with remarkable precision and performance. These…
Bilevel linear programming (LP) is one of the simplest classes of bilevel optimization problems, yet it is known to be NP-hard in general. Specifically, determining whether the optimal objective value of a bilevel LP is at least as good as…
We present a new method for the constraint-based synthesis of termination arguments for linear loop programs based on linear ranking templates. Linear ranking templates are parameterized, well-founded relations such that an assignment to…
We present a new method for the constraint-based synthesis of termination arguments for linear loop programs based on linear ranking templates. Linear ranking templates are parametrized, well-founded relations such that an assignment to the…
Determining a linear utility function that correlates with observed candidate rankings is a foundational problem with applications in domains such as admissions, hiring, and recommendation systems, e.g., [Storandt and Funke, AAAI'19, Zhang…
Intuitively, an ideal collaborative filtering (CF) model should learn from users' full rankings over all items to make optimal top-K recommendations. Due to the absence of such full rankings in practice, most CF models rely on pairwise loss…
We consider the classic problem of establishing a statistical ranking of a set of n items given a set of inconsistent and incomplete pairwise comparisons between such items. Instantiations of this problem occur in numerous applications in…
The existence of string functions, which are not polynomial time computable, but whose graph is checkable in polynomial time, is a basic assumption in cryptography. We prove that in the framework of algebraic complexity, there are no such…
Given an order, a commutative ring whose additive group is free of finite rank, a natural computational question is whether a fixed univariate polynomial $f \in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ has a root in this ring. In this paper, we show that the…
Functional constraints and bi-functional constraints are an important constraint class in Constraint Programming (CP) systems, in particular for Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) systems. CP systems with finite domain constraints usually…
A famous result due to Ko and Friedman (1982) asserts that the problems of integration and maximisation of a univariate real function are computationally hard in a well-defined sense. Yet, both functionals are routinely computed at great…