Related papers: Heinrich Behmann's 1921 lecture on the decision pr…
For relational monadic formulas (the L\"owenheim class) second-order quantifier elimination, which is closely related to computation of uniform interpolants, projection and forgetting - operations that currently receive much attention in…
This article is concerned with the Axiom of Choice (AC) and the well-ordering theorem (WO) in second-order predicate logic with Henkin interpretation (HPL). We consider a principle of choice introduced by Wilhelm Ackermann (1935) and…
This article is concerned with the Axiom of Choice (AC) and the well-ordering theorem (WO) in second-order predicate logic with Henkin interpretation (HPL). We consider a principle of choice introduced by Wilhelm Ackermann (1935) and…
Hilbert's program was an ambitious and wide-ranging project in the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. In order to "dispose of the foundational questions in mathematics once and for all, "Hilbert proposed a two-pronged approach in…
This paper studies the formation of logical operations from pre-logical processes. We are concerned with the reasons for certain mental processes taking form of logical reasoning and the underlying drives for consolidation of logical…
Hilbert's Entscheidungsproblem has given rise to a broad and productive line of research in mathematical logic, where the classification process of decidable classes of first-order sentences represent only one of the remarkable results.…
This is an English translation of Ludwig Bieberbach's paper ``Remarks on Hilbert's Thirteenth Problem" originally written in German and originally published in Journal f\"ur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik - 165 (89-92) 1931, along with…
Herbrand's Fundamental Theorem provides a constructive characterization of derivability in first-order predicate logic by means of sentential logic. Sometimes it is simply called "Herbrand's Theorem", but the longer name is preferable as…
This introduction begins with a section on fundamental notions of mathematical logic, including propositional logic, predicate or first-order logic, completeness, compactness, the L\"owenheim-Skolem theorem, Craig interpolation, Beth's…
Kolmogorov introduced an informal calculus of problems in an attempt to provide a classical semantics for intuitionistic logic. This was later formalised by Medvedev and Muchnik as what has come to be called the Medvedev and Muchnik…
We demonstrate that our recently introduced stochastic Hebb-like learning rule is capable of learning the problem of timing in general network topologies generated by an algorithm of Watts and Strogatz. We compare our results with a…
An edited version is given of the text of G\"odel's unpublished manuscript of the notes for a course in basic logic he delivered at the University of Notre Dame in 1939. G\"odel's notes deal with what is today considered as important…
These five lectures on undecidability were given to students with a good level in mathematics but with no special knowledge on logic. The first conference presents the formalization of mathematics with a short historical survey, the…
This work is about making decisions by digital means. Funds should be distributed by the students of Heinrich-Heine-University. The proposals were made by the students themselves without further influence. For this purpose, dialog-based…
We give some lectures on the work on formal logic of Jacques Herbrand, and sketch his life and his influence on automated theorem proving. The intended audience ranges from students interested in logic over historians to logicians. Besides…
This survey article on Hilbert's first and second problems is adapted from a one-hour colloquium lecture given at the University of Auckland in May, 2000, just three months before the 100th anniversary of Hilbert's lecture. It includes an…
Weighted monadic second-order logic is a weighted extension of monadic second-order logic that captures exactly the behaviour of weighted automata. Its semantics is parameterized with respect to a semiring on which the values that weighted…
This paper, in French, is a celebration of Max Dehn, and an essay of describing some of his results published in the beginning of the 1910's, and their offspring. It has been written up for a winter school in Les Diablerets, March 7-12,…
In summer 1923, a year after his lectures on the `New Foundation of Mathematics' and half a year before the republication of his two notes on the `Foundations of Physics,' Hilbert delivered a trilogy of lectures in Hamburg. In these…
The adiabatic limit procedure associates with every solution of Abelian Higgs model in (2+1) dimensions a geodesic in the moduli space of static solutions. We show that the same procedure for Seiberg--Witten equations on 4-dimensional…