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Fluctuations in the local Newtonian gravitational field present a limit to high precision measurements, including searches for gravitational waves using laser interferometers. In this work, we present a model of this perturbing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-21 Jennifer C. Driggers , Jan Harms , Rana X. Adhikari

In this article we propose a new method for reducing Newtonian noise in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors located on the Earth's surface. We show that by excavating meter-scale recesses in the ground around the main test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Jan Harms , Stefan Hild

Terrestrial gravity perturbations caused by seismic fields produce the so-called Newtonian noise in gravitational-wave detectors, which is predicted to limit their sensitivity in the upcoming observing runs. In the past, this noise was seen…

Newtonian gravitational noise from seismic fields will become a limiting noise source at low frequency for second-generation, gravitational-wave detectors. It is planned to use seismic sensors surrounding the detectors' test masses to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 M. W. Coughlin , J. Harms , J. Driggers , D. J. McManus , N. Mukund , M. P. Ross , B. J. J. Slagmolen , K. Venkateswara

The cancellation of noise from terrestrial gravity fluctuations, also known as Newtonian noise (NN), in gravitational-wave detectors is a formidable challenge. Gravity fluctuations result from density perturbations associated with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-04 F Badaracco , J Harms , A Bertolini , T Bulik , I Fiori , B Idzkowski , A Kutynia , K Nikliborc , F Paoletti , A Paoli , L Rei , M Suchinski

Newtonian noise from seismic fields is predicted to become a sensitivity limiting noise contribution of the gravitational-wave detectors Advanced LIGO and Virgo in the next few years. It also plays a major role in the planning of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-04 F. Badaracco J. Harms

We propose a new detection strategy for gravitational waves (GWs) below few Hertz based on a correlated array of atom interferometers (AIs). Our proposal allows to reduce the Newtonian Noise (NN) which limits all ground based GW detectors…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 W. Chaibi , R. Geiger , B. Canuel , A. Bertoldi , A. Landragin , P. Bouyer

Infrasonic and seismic waves are supposed to be the main contributors to the gravity-gradient noise (Newtonian noise) of the third generation subterranean gravitational-wave detectors. This noise will limit the sensitivity of the instrument…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-02 Edit Fenyvesi , József Molnár , Sándor Czellár

Dynamical effects in general relativity have been finally, relatively recently observed by LIGO\cite{2016LRR....19....1A}. To be able to measure these signals, great care has to be taken to minimize all sources of noise in the detector. One…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-10 Victor Massart , M. B. Paranjape

Newtonian gravitational noise from seismic fields is predicted to be a limiting noise source at low frequency for second generation gravitational-wave detectors. Mitigation of this noise will be achieved by Wiener filtering using arrays of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-22 Michael Coughlin , Nikhil Mukund , Jan Harms , Jenne Driggers , Rana Adhikari , Sanjit Mitra

The sensitivity and the frequency bandwidth of third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are such that the Newtonian noise (NN) signals produced by atmospheric turbulence could become relevant. We build models for atmospheric NN…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-05 Davide Brundu , Mariano Cadoni , Mauro Oi , Piero Olla , Andrea Pierfrancesco Sanna

Newtonian noise limits the low-frequency sensitivity of ground-based gravitational wave detectors. While seismometers and geophones are commonly employed to monitor ground motion for Newtonian noise cancellation, their limited spatial…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-21 Reinhardt Rading , Fracensca Badaracco , Spiridon Beis , Katharina Sophie Isleif , Paul Ophardt , Wanda Vossius , the WAVE Collaboration

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will be able to observe signals from sources that are otherwise nearly impossible from current ground-based detection. Consequently, the well established signal detection method, matched…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-17 Tianyu Zhao , Ruoxi Lyu , He Wang , Zhoujian Cao , Zhixiang Ren

The sensitivity of an atom gradiometer aiming to detect gravitational waves (GW) is impacted by fluctuations of Earth's gravity field also called Newtonian Noise (NN). Sensor arrays have proved to be a promising technique for NN reduction.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-04 Q. Cojean Palassoé , A. Bertoldi , A. Landragin , B. Canuel

Advanced gravitational-wave detector designs are pushing towards lower frequencies, where certain types of noise, previously considered negligible, may come to dominate the detectors' noise budgets. In particular, we revisit atmospheric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-12 Wenhui Wang , Teviet Creighton

In this paper, we develop a new approach to gravity-gradient noise subtraction for underground gravitational-wave detectors in homogeneous rock. The method is based on spatial harmonic expansions of seismic fields. It is shown that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-16 Jan Harms , Riccardo DeSalvo , Steven Dorsher , Vuk Mandic

Newtonian noise in gravitational wave detectors originates from density fluctuations in the adjacency of the interferometer mirrors. At the Einstein Telescope, this noise source is expected to be dominant for low frequencies. Its impact is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-17 Patrick Schillings , Johannes Erdmann

With the advent of gravitational wave astronomy, techniques to extend the reach of gravitational wave detectors are desired. In addition to the stellar-mass black hole and neutron star mergers already detected, many more are below the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Rich Ormiston , Tri Nguyen , Michael Coughlin , Rana X. Adhikari , Erik Katsavounidis

Density changes in the atmosphere produce a fluctuating gravity field that affect gravity strainmeters or gravity gradiometers used for the detection of gravitational-waves and for geophysical applications. This work addresses the impact of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Donatella Fiorucci , Jan Harms , Matteo Barsuglia , Irene Fiori , Federico Paoletti

Seismic noise poses challenges for gravitational wave detection. Effective vibration isolation and methods to subtract unsheildable Newtonian Noise are examples. Seismic arrays offer one way to deal with these issues assuming seismic…

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