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Recent studies have shown that the shape and radial profile of the colliding nuclei have strong influences on the initial condition of the heavy ion collisions and the subsequent development of the anisotropic flow. Using A Multi-Phase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-11-29 Zhiyong Lu , Mingrui Zhao , Jiangyong Jia , You Zhou

To improve the constraints of symmetry energy at subsaturation density, measuring and accumulating more neutron skin data for neutron rich unstable nuclei is naturally required. Aiming to probe the neutron skin of unstable nuclei by using…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-04-25 Junping Yang , Xiang Chen , Ying Cui , Zhuxia Li , Yingxun Zhang

The determination of centrality in nucleus-nucleus collisions is a crucial task, as it enables the estimation of the impact parameter and thereby allows for the comparison of experimental results with predictions from theoretical models and…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-05-26 D. Idrisov , F. Guber , N. Karpushkin , P. Parfenov

Event-by-event fluctuations in the positions of nucleons in two colliding identical nuclei can lead to non-uniform initial energy density distribution on the transverse plane. In addition to initial state fluctuations, the difference in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Pingal Dasgupta , Rupa Chatterjee , Dinesh K. Srivastava

Understanding how protons and neutrons are located differently in an atomic nucleus can provide fundamental information on nuclear structure and have far-reaching implications for astrophysics. A precise determination of this important…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-10 Hui Zhang , Alex Akridge , Charles J. Horowitz , Jinfeng Liao , Hongxi Xing

It is theoretically and experimentally argued that there may exist bubble or toroid-shaped configurations in some nucleus systems. Based on the nuclear transport model, it is shown that compared with the collision of normal nuclei, there is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-05-25 Gao-Chan Yong

We analyse the net baryon (B) and net electric charge (Q) stopping in heavy-ion collisions using the statistical model. Focusing first on isobar collisions $\rm{Ru}+\rm{Ru}$ and $\rm{Zr}+\rm{Zr}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$~GeV, we show that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-29 Grégoire Pihan , Volodymyr Vovchenko

Collisions of deformed uranium nuclei provide a unique opportunity to study the spatial dependence of charmonium in-medium effects. By selecting the orientations of the colliding nuclei, different path lengths through the nuclear medium…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-11-22 Daniel Kikoła , Grazyna Odyniec , Ramona Vogt

We develop a framework for event-by-event ideal hydrodynamics to study the differential elliptic flow which is measured at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Fluctuating initial energy…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-22 Hannu Holopainen , Harri Niemi , Kari J. Eskola

This work establishes a deep connection between two seemingly distant branches of nuclear physics: nuclear structure and relativistic heavy-ion collisions. At the heart of this connection is the recent discovery made at particle colliders…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-01-05 Giuliano Giacalone

To reduce the effect of the fluctuations of initial geometrical shape, elliptic flow are studied at fixed centrality in Au+Au collision at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$=200GeV. It is observed with the participant increasing, elliptic flow has an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-08-31 Wang Meijuan , Chen Gang , Wu Yuanfang

The observation of large azimuthal anisotropy or $v_2$ for hadrons above $p_T>5$ GeV/$c$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm nn}}=200$ GeV has been a longstanding challenge for jet quenching models based on perturbative QCD (pQCD). Using a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Jiangyong Jia , Rui Wei

The anisotropy associated with the initial dipole asymmetry in heavy ion collisions is studied via the two-particle relative azimuthal azimuthal angle (\Delta\phi=\phi^a-\phi^b) correlations, within a multi-phase transport model. For a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-09-17 Jiangyong Jia , Sooraj K. Radhakrishnan , Soumya Mohapatra

Flow observables in heavy-ion reactions at incident energies up to about 1 GeV per nucleon have been shown to be very useful for investigating the reaction dynamics and for determining the parameters of reaction models based on transport…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-03-25 P. Russotto , M. D. Cozma , A. Le Fevre , Y. Leifels , R. Lemmon , Q. Li , J. Lukasik , W. Trautmann

Based on the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model plus the Skyrme force parameters, initialization effect is studied in heavy-ion collision at intermediate energies. We find that there are moderate initialization…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-22 Gao-Chan Yong , Yuan Gao , Wei Zuo , Xun-Chao Zhang

We perform high-statistics simulations to study the impacts of nuclear structure on the ratios of anisotropic flow observables in $^{208}$Pb+$^{208}$Pb and $^{129}$Xe+$^{129}$Xe collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Even with $40\%$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-10-01 Heikki Mäntysaari , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen , Wenbin Zhao

In this paper, new measurements of anisotropic flow ($v_{1}$, $v_{2}$) for identified particles such as pions and proton in Cu+Au collisions at 200 GeV and U+U collisions at 193 GeV are reported. The anisotropic flow is studied as a…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-11 Shengli Huang

We study neutron-skin effects of $^{208}$Pb in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$~TeV using the improved string-melting version of a multi-phase transport model by varying the neutron density distribution. A systematic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-03-10 Xin-Li Zhao , Xin-Yi Xie , Yuan Li , Guo-Liang Ma

In this paper we conduct a systematic study of the granularity of the initial state of hot and dense QCD matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and its influence on bulk observables like particle yields, $m_T$ spectra…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-03-18 Hannah Petersen , Christopher Coleman-Smith , Steffen A. Bass , Robert Wolpert

Fluctuations in the initial conditions for relativistic heavy ion collisions are proving to be crucial to understanding final state flow and jet quenching observables. The initial geometry has been parametrized in terms of moments in the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-05-05 James L. Nagle , Michael P. McCumber