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In this paper, we take an initial and novel step toward characterizing the physics of the hovering phenomenon in flapping insects and hummingbirds as a new class of extremum seeking (ES) feedback systems. By characterizing hovering flight…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Ahmed A. Elgohary , Sameh A. Eisa

The natural wind environment that volant insects encounter is unsteady and highly complex, posing significant flight control and stability challenges. Unsteady airflows can range from structured chains of discrete vortices shed in the wake…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-03-03 Sridhar Ravi , Dmitry Kolomenskiy , Thomas Engels , Kai Schneider , Chun Wang , Joern Sesterhenn , Hao Liu

The problem of autonomous launch and landing of a tethered rigid aircraft for airborne wind energy generation is addressed. The system operates with ground-based power conversion and pumping cycles, where the tether is repeatedly reeled in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Eric Nguyen Van , Lorenzo Fagiano , Stephan Schnez

An aerial vehicle powered by flapping feathered wings was designed, developed and fabricated. Different from legacy flapping-wing aerial vehicles with membrane wings, the new design uses authentic bird feathers to fabricate wings. In field…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-26 Zhenhong Zhang , Aiqiu Wei , Yu Cai

Flapping flight and swimming are increasingly studied both due to their intrinsic scientific richness and their applicability to novel robotic systems. Strip theory is often applied to flapping wings, but such modeling is only rigorously…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-10-15 A. N. Zurman-Nasution , B. Ganapathisubramani , G. D. Weymouth

Photophoretic levitation is a propulsion mechanism in which lightweight objects can be lifted and controlled through their interactions with light. Since photophoretic forces on macroscopic objects are usually maximized at low pressures,…

The transition of the vortex pattern and the lift generated by a heaving wing in a uniform flow was investigated numerically. Motivated by insects' flight maneuverability, we studied the relationship between a temporal change in the heaving…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-05-08 Makoto Iima , Naoto Yokoyama , Kei Senda

This paper discusses a low-cost, open-source and open-hardware design and performance evaluation of a low-speed, multi-fan wind system dedicated to micro air vehicle (MAV) testing. In addition, a set of experiments with a flapping wing MAV…

We investigate the hovering dynamics of rigid bodies with up-down asymmetry placed in oscillating background flows. Recent experiments on inanimate pyramid-shaped objects in oscillating flows with zero mean component demonstrate that the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-09-21 Yangyang Huang , Monika Nitsche , Eva Kanso

One of the motivations for exploring flapping-wing aerial robotic systems is to seek energy reduction, by maintaining manoeuvrability, compared to conventional unmanned aerial systems. A Flapping Wing Flying Robot (FWFR) can glide in…

The source of the hummingbirds distinctive hum is not well understood, but there are clues to its origin in the acoustic nearfield and farfield. To unravel this mystery, we recorded the acoustic nearfield generated by six freely hovering…

Bird strikes present a huge risk for aircraft, especially since traditional airport bird surveillance is mainly dependent on inefficient human observation. Computer vision based technology has been proposed to automatically detect birds,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-19 Ying Huang , Hong Zheng , Haibin Ling , Erik Blasch , Hao Yang

Fluidic locomotion of flapping Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) can be very complex, particularly when the rules from insect flight dynamics (fast flapping dynamics and light wings) are not applicable. In these situations, widely used averaging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-05 Paul Ghanem , Yunus Bicer , Deniz Erdogmus , Alireza Ramezani

We perform unsteady three-dimensional direct numerical simulations to study the aerodynamic characteristics of finite-aspect-ratio swept wings with a NACA 0015 cross-section at a chord-based Reynolds number of 400. The effects of the sweep…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-11-26 Kai Zhang , Kunihiko Taira

Flying vertebrates exhibit sophisticated wingbeat kinematics. Their specialized forelimbs allow for the wing morphing motion to couple with the flapping motion during their level flight, Previous flyable bionic platforms have successfully…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Ang Chen , Bifeng Song , Zhihe Wang , Dong Xue , Kang Liu

Bio-inspired methods can provide efficient solutions to perform autonomous landing for Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs). Flying insects such as honeybees perform vertical landings by keeping flow divergence constant. This leads to an exponential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-09-23 H. W. Ho , G. C. H. E. de Croon , E. van Kampen , Q. P. Chu , M. Mulder

This study presents a novel spatially disrupted flow control system inspired by the covert feathers on bird wings. The system is a passive flow control system consisting of multiple feather-inspired flaps that dynamically interact with the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-03 Girguis Sedky , Ahmed Othman , Aimy Wissa

Mechanisms of aerial righting in juvenile Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar) were studied from hatching through 14 days post hatching (dph). Asymmetric movements of the wings were used from 1 to 8 dph to effect progressively more…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-08-28 Dennis Evangelista , Sharlene Cam , Tony Huynh , Igor Krivitskiy , Robert Dudley

In this letter, we report the first experimental demonstration of the recently emerged new paradigm in hovering and flapping flight physics called (Natural Hovering Extremum Seeking (NH-ES)) [doi.org/10.1103/4dm4-kc4g], which theorized that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ahmed A. Elgohary , Rohan Palanikumar , Simone Martini , Sameh A. Eisa

The aerodynamic influence of a wing-equipped motorcycle on a pursuing motorcycle presents critical implications for stability and performance. This study investigates the induced flow dynamics, characterized by a turbulent and complex wake…