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Related papers: Primordial heavy element production

200 papers

The heavy elements formed by neutron capture processes have an interesting history from which we can extract useful clues to and constraints upon both the characteristics of the processes themselves and the star formation and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. W. Truran , J. J. Cowan , C. A. Pilachowski , C. Sneden

Following a brief introduction to early Universe cosmology, the current of status of big bang nucleosynthesis is reviewed and the concordance between theory and observation is examined in detail. The abundances of He4 and Li7 determine the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Keith A. Olive

In this paper we consider the effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) of the hadronic decay of a long-lived massive particle. If high-energy hadrons are emitted near the BBN epoch ($t \sim 10^{-2}$ -- $10^2 \sec$), they extraordinarily…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 K. Kohri

We propose a novel cosmological scenario in which baryonic neutron stars could plausibly form in the early universe. If baryogenesis initially produces an excessively-large baryon asymmetry, $Y_B \gg 10^{-10},$ the baryonic mass inside the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Gordan Krnjaic , Duncan Rocha , Huangyu Xiao

Primordial nucleosynthesis calculations are shown to be able to provide constraints on electroweak baryogenesis which produce a highly inhomogeneous distribution of the baryon-to-photon ratio. Such baryogenesis scenarios overproduce 4He…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 G. M. Fuller , K. Jedamzik , G. J. Mathews , A. Olinto

We investigate the role that the evaporation of light primordial black holes may have played in the production of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through the high-scale leptogenesis. In particular, for mass of primordial black hole in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-04 Roberta Calabrese , Marco Chianese , Jacob Gunn , Gennaro Miele , Stefano Morisi , Ninetta Saviano

Primordial nucleosynthesis is rightly hailed as one of the great successes of the standard cosmological model. Here we consider the initial forging of elements in the recently proposed Rh = ct universe, a cosmology that demands linear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Geraint F. Lewis , Luke A. Barnes , Rajesh Kaushik

We discuss effects of fluctuation geometry on primordial nucleosynthesis. For the first time we consider condensed cylinder and cylindrical-shell fluctuation geometries in addition to condensed spheres and spherical shells. We find that a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 M. Orito , T. Kajino , R N. Boyd , G J. Mathews

The primordial abundances of deuterium, helium-3, helium-4, and lithium-7 probe the baryon density of the Universe only a few minutes after the Big Bang. Of these relics from the early Universe, deuterium is the baryometer of choice. After…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gary Steigman

Heavy elements (beyond iron) are formed in neutron capture nucleosynthesis processes. We have proposed a simple unified model to investigate the neutron capture nucleosynthesis in arbitrary neutron density environment. We have also…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-18 Miklos Kiss

We have refined our previously suggested scenario of generation of the cosmological baryon asymmetry through an asymmetric capture of baryons and antibaryons by primordial block hole arXiv:2009.04361. It is found that in the limit of weak…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-27 A. D. Dolgov , N. A. Pozdnyakov

We study the impact of possible high density baryonic bubbles on the early formed QSO, IGM, and metal poor stars. Such bubbles could be created, under certain conditions, in Affleck-Dine model of baryogenesis and may occupy a relatively…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shunji Matsuura , Alexander. D. Dolgov , Shigehiro Nagataki , Katsuhiko Sato

The synthesis of nuclei in diverse cosmic scenarios is reviewed, with a summary of the basic concepts involved before a discussion of the current status in each case is made. We review the physics of the early universe, the proton to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-06-22 Carlos A. Bertulani , Toshitaka Kajino

We study big bang nucleosynthesis in the presence of large mass-scale, non-linear entropy fluctuations. Overdense regions, with masses above the local baryon-Jeans mass, are expected to collapse and form condensed objects. Surviving…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 K. Jedamzik , G. M. Fuller

The rapid neutron capture or 'r process' of nucleosynthesis is believed to be responsible for the production of approximately half the natural abundance of heavy elements found on the periodic table above iron (with proton number $Z=26$)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-04-05 E. M. Holmbeck , T. M. Sprouse , M. R. Mumpower

We examine Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) in the case of inhomogenous neutrino degeneracy, in the limit where the fluctuations are sufficiently small on large length scales that the present-day element abundances are homogeneous. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Scott E. Whitmire , Robert J. Scherrer

We reexamine big bang nucleosynthesis with large-scale baryon density inhomogeneities when the length scale of the density fluctuations exceeds the neutron diffusion length ($\sim 10^7-10^8$ cm at BBN), and the amplitude of the fluctuations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-12 John D. Barrow , Robert J. Scherrer

We show that the predicted primordial helium production is significantly reduced when new measurements of the neutron lifetime and the implied enhancement in the weak reaction rates are included in big-bang nucleosynthesis. Therefore, even…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. J. Mathews , T. Kajino , T. Shima

We consider inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis in light of the present observational situation. Different observations of He-4 and D disagree with each other, and depending on which set of observations one uses, the estimated primordial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 K. Kainulainen , H. Kurki-Suonio , E. Sihvola

Our early Universe is not perfectly homogeneous and it may contain some inhomogeneous sources, which might distort the local spacetime and modify the bubble nucleation rate. Taking the primordial black hole as an extreme example, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-17 Yijie Chang , Shihang Tang , Haowen Deng , Yefeng Wang , Ran Ding , Fa Peng Huang