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The total momentum of a thermodynamically closed system is unique, as is the total energy. Nevertheless, there is continuing confusion concerning the correct form of the momentum and the energy-momentum tensor for an electromagnetic field…

Optics · Physics 2015-02-12 Michael E. Crenshaw , Thomas B. Bahder

We reformulate the standard Lagrangian formalism to a reparameterisation invariant Lagrangian formalism by means of Finsler and Kawaguchi geometry. In our formalism, various types of symmetries that appears in theories of physics are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-26 Takayoshi Ootsuka , Ryoko Yahagi , Muneyuki Ishida , Erico Tanaka

The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic (EM) field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and by the Lorentz force law.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Masud Mansuripur

A four-vector field in flat space-time, satisfying a gauge-invariant set of second-order differential equations, is considered as a unified field. The model variational principle corresponds to the general covariance idea and gives rise to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Alexander A. Chernitskii

In this paper we consider classical point particles in full interaction with an arbitrary number of dynamical scalar and (abelian) vector fields. It is shown that the requirement of stability ---vanishing self-force--- is sufficient to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 J. W. van Holten

The study rederives the fundamental equations of fluid flow and examines the inherent relationship between momentum conservation and mechanical energy conservation. It is shown that the material derivative of velocity is to depict the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-12-07 Peng Shi

In the paper [B.M.Bolotovskii, S.N.Stoliarov, Uspekhi Fizicheskich Nauk, v.162, No 3, p.195, 1992] the energy conservation law was applied to a problem of radiation of a charged particle in an external electromagnetic field. The authors…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. G. Bessonov

A transparent linear magneto-dielectric material in free space that is illuminated by a finite quasimonochromatic field is a thermodynamically closed system, definitively, regardless of what field and material subsystems that one defines.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-02-14 Michael E. Crenshaw

Noether's First Theorem yields conservation laws for Lagrangians with a variational symmetry group. The explicit formulae for the laws are well known and the symmetry group is known to act on the linear space generated by the conservation…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-18 Tania M. N. Goncalves , Elizabeth L. Mansfield

Background fields of electromagnetic and gravitational type emerge in the low kinetic energy limit of any regular Lagrangian system and, in particular, in the corresponding limit of any spacetime theory in which the free motion of test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-14 Paolo Maraner

The least action principle occupies a central part in contemporary physics. Yet, as far as classical field theory is concerned, it may not be as essential as generally thought. We show with three detailed examples of classical interacting…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-02-02 Jacob D. Bekenstein , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

Evolution equations which describe the changes in a velocity field over time have been classically studied within the Eulerian or Lagrangian frame of reference. Classically, these frameworks are equivalent descriptions of the same problem,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-11-22 John Holmes , Barbara Keyfitz , Feride Tiglay

Historically it happen so that in branches of physics connected with field theory and of physics of material systems (continuous media) the concept of "conservation laws" has a different meaning. In field theory "conservation laws" are…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 L. I. Petrova

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) bounds the mass of a particle by its charge. It is expected that this bound can not be below the ultraviolet cut-off scale of the effective theory. Recently, an extension of the WGC was proposed in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-04-04 Dieter Lust , Eran Palti

The formalism of quantum mechanics is presented in a way that its interpretation as a classical field theory is emphasized. Two coupled real fields are defined with given equations of motion. Densities and currents associated to the fields…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. C. de la Torre , A. Daleo

Energy-momentum and angular momentum carried by electromagnetic field of two point-like charged particles arbitrarily moving in flat spacetime are presented. Apart from usual contributions to the Noether quantities produced separately by…

Classical Physics · Physics 2010-01-07 Yurij Yaremko

In quantum field theory, the vacuum is a fluctuating medium which behaves as a nonlinear polarizable material. In this article, we perform the first rigorous derivation of the magnetic Euler-Heisenberg effective energy, a nonlinear…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-11-06 Philippe Gravejat , Mathieu Lewin , Éric Séré

The field equations in the nonsymmetric gravitational theory are derived from a Lagrangian density using a first-order formalism. Using the general covariance of the Lagrangian density, conservation laws and tensor identities are derived.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 J. Legare , J. W. Moffat

The unified field is a Maxwell-Lorentz field. Maxwell-Lorentz equations for potentials in standard four-dimensional form are satisfied exactly. This is achieved by involving new fundamental field sources, strict definition of which requires…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander S. Zazerskiy

The present work proposes a discussion on the self-energy of charged particles in the framework of nonlinear electrodynamics. We seek magnet- ically stable solutions generated by purely electric charges whose electric and magnetic fields…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-07-24 S. O. Vellozo , José A. Helayël-Neto , A. W. Smith , L. P. G. De Assis