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The temperature of the solar atmosphere increases from thousands to millions of degrees moving from the lower layer (chromosphere) to the outermost one (corona), while the density drops accordingly. The mechanism behind this phenomenon,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-27 Luca Barbieri , Lapo Casetti , Andrea Verdini , Simone Landi

Solar coronal rain is classified generally into two categories: flare-driven and quiescent coronal rain. The latter is observed to form along both closed and open magnetic field structures. Recently, we proposed that some of the quiescent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-14 Leping Li , Hardi Peter , Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta , Hongqiang Song

Any successful model of coronal loops must explain a number of observed properties. For warm (~ 1 MK) loops, these include: 1. excess density, 2. flat temperature profile, 3. super-hydrostatic scale height, 4. unstructured intensity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 J. A. Klimchuk , J. T. Karpen , S. K. Antiochos

Decayless kink oscillations are ubiquitously observed in active region coronal loops with an almost constant amplitude for several cycles. Decayless kink oscillations of coronal loops triggered by coronal rain have been analysed, but the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-25 Arpit Kumar Shrivastav , Vaibhav Pant , Patrick Antolin

High resolution spectra from the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) have revealed that coronal spectral line profiles are sometimes asymmetric, with a faint enhancement in the blue wing on the order of 100 km/s. These asymmetries could…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 David H. Brooks , Harry P. Warren

Coronal holes are large-scale structures in the solar atmosphere that feature a reduced temperature and density in comparison to the surrounding quiet Sun and are usually associated with open magnetic fields. We perform a differential…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-01 Stephan G. Heinemann , Jonas Saqri , Astrid M. Veronig , Stefan J. Hofmeister , Manuela Temmer

In this paper we present a numerical study of the dynamics of partially ionized coronal rain blobs. We use a two-fluid model to perform a high-resolution 2D simulation that takes into account the collisional interaction between the charged…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 David Martínez-Gómez , Ramón Oliver , Elena Khomenko , Manuel Collados

Recent observations revealed that the solar atmosphere is highly structured in density, temperature and magnetic field. The presence of these gradients may lead to the appearance of currents in the plasma, which in the weakly collisional…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Mecheri , E. Marsch

We study broad red-shifted emission in chromospheric and transition region lines that appears to correspond to a form of post-flare coronal rain. Profiles of Mg II, C II and Si IV lines were obtained using the IRIS instrument before, during…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 Daniela Lacatus , Philip Judge , Alina Donea

The solar corona has been revealed in the past decade to be a highly dynamic nonequilibrium plasma environment. Both the loop-filled coronal base and the extended acceleration region of the solar wind appear to be strongly turbulent, but…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Steven R. Cranmer

Coronal loops act as resonant cavities for low frequency fluctuations that are transmitted from the deeper layers of the solar atmosphere and are amplified in the corona, triggering nonlinear interactions. However trapping is not perfect,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Andrea Verdini , Roland Grappin , Marco Velli

We report on the plasma properties of small-scale transient events identified in the quiet Sun, coronal holes and their boundaries. We use spectroscopic co-observations from SUMER/SoHO and EIS/Hinode combined with high cadence imaging data…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 M. S. Madjarska , Z. Huang , J. G. Doyle , S. Subramanian

Coronal loops generally trace magnetic lines of force in the upper solar atmosphere. Understanding the loop morphology and its temporal evolution has implications for coronal heating models that rely on plasma heating due to reconnection at…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-29 B. Ram , L. P. Chitta , S. Mandal , H. Peter , F. Plaschke

Aims. We aim to improve the understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the slower than free-fall motion and the two-stage evolution (an initial phase of acceleration followed by an almost constant velocity phase) detected in coronal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 David Martínez-Gómez , Ramón Oliver , Elena Khomenko , Manuel Collados

Condensations in the more than 10^6 K hot corona of the Sun are commonly observed in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV). While their contribution to the total solar EUV radiation is still a matter of debate, these condensations certainly provide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-06 H. Peter , S. Bingert , S. Kamio

The corona of the Sun is dominated by emission from loop-like structures. When observed in X-ray or extreme ultraviolet emission, these million K hot coronal loops show a more or less constant cross section. In this study we show how the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 H. Peter , S. Bingert

We investigate the effect of hydrostatic scale heights ${\lambda}(T)$ in coronal loops on the determination of the vertical temperature structure $T(h)$ of the solar corona. Every method that determines an average temperature at a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Markus J. Aschwanden , Nariaki Nitta

An inverted U burst with equally developed ascending and descending branches observed by Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope (GURT) on 18 April 2017 in meter wavelengths band is discussed. This U burst was attributed to the high coronal loop…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-17 V. V. Dorovskyy , V. N. Melnik , A. A. Konovalenko , S. N. Yerin , I. N. Bubnov

Twisted magnetic fields should be ubiquitous in flare-producing active regions where the magnetic fields are strongly non-potential. It has been shown that reconnection in helical magnetic coronal loops results in plasma heating and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-20 R. F. Pinto , M. Gordovskyy , P. K. Browning , N. Vilmer

Coronal active regions are observed to get fuzzier and fuzzier (i.e. more and more confused and uniform) in harder and harder energy bands or lines. We explain this evidence as due to the fine multi-temperature structure of coronal loops.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Massimiliano Guarrasi , Fabio Reale , Giovanni Peres