Related papers: The Kirchhoff-Braess Paradox and Its Implications …
Digital technology is fundamentally transforming human mobility. Route choices in particular are greatly affected by the availability of traffic data, increased connectivity of data sources and cheap access to computational resources.…
The objective of this paper is to initiate a qualitative analysis of dynamic flow in traffic networks by using the competitive equilibrium model of multiple market systems. A network is modeled as a dynamic graph where routes (edges) are…
Griffiths phases are typically associated with quenched disorder, while frustration gives rise to multistability and spin-glass behavior. Whether extended criticality can arise in other contexts remains an open question. Here, we show that…
Many complex networks display strong heterogeneity in the degree (connectivity) distribution. Heterogeneity in the degree distribution often reduces the average distance between nodes but, paradoxically, may suppress synchronization in…
Many networks describing complex systems are directed: the interactions between elements are not symmetric. Recent work has shown that these networks can display properties such as trophic coherence or non-normality, which in turn affect…
Various functions of a network of excitable units can be enhanced if the network is in the `critical regime', where excitations are, on average, neither damped nor amplified. An important question is how can such networks self-organize to…
FAST-TCP achieves better performance than traditional TCP-Reno schemes, but unfortunately it is inherently unfair to older connections due to wrong estimations of the round-trip propagation delay. This paper presents a model for this…
Road congestion induces significant costs across the world, and road network disturbances, such as traffic accidents, can cause highly congested traffic patterns. If a planner had control over the routing of all vehicles in the network,…
The Parrondo's paradox is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which individually losing strategies, canonically termed game A and game B, are combined to produce winning outcomes. In this paper, a co-evolution of game dynamics and network…
Distributed renewable energy resources have attracted significant attention in recent years due to the falling cost of the renewable energy technology, extensive federal and state incentives, and the application in improving load-point…
Modern urban resilience is threatened by cascading failures in multimodal transport networks, where localized shocks trigger widespread paralysis. Existing models, limited by their focus on pairwise interactions, often underestimate this…
Confining an answer to the question whether and how the coherent operation of network elements is determined by the the network structure is the topic of our work. We map the structure of signal flow in directed networks by analysing the…
The small-world property is known to have a profound effect on the navigation efficiency of complex networks [J. M. Kleinberg, Nature 406, 845 (2000)]. Accordingly, the proper addition of shortcuts to a regular substrate can lead to the…
We investigate by random-walk simulations and a mean-field theory how growth by biased addition of nodes affects flow of the current through the emergent conducting graph, representing a digital circuit. In the interior of a large network…
Power grids are undergoing major changes from a few large producers to smart grids build upon renewable energies. Mathematical models for power grid dynamics have to be adapted to capture, when dynamic nodes can achieve synchronization to a…
Power-law distributed cascade failures are well known in power-grid systems. Understanding this phenomena has been done by various DC threshold models, self-tuned at their critical point. Here we attempt to describe it using an AC threshold…
We investigate the electrical current and flow (number of parallel paths) between two sets of n sources and n sinks in complex networks. We derive analytical formulas for the average current and flow as a function of n. We show that for…
The quantitative study of traffic dynamics is crucial to ensure the efficiency of urban transportation networks. The current work investigates the spatial properties of congestion, that is, we aim to characterize the city areas where…
Deterministic equilibrium flows in transport networks can be investigated by means of Markov's processes defined on the dual graph representations of the network. Sustained movement patterns are generated by a subset of automorphisms of the…
We consider SIS contagion processes over networks where, a classical assumption is that individuals' decisions to adopt a contagion are based on their immediate neighbors. However, recent literature shows that some attributes are more…