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The objective of goodness-of-fit testing is to assess whether a dataset of observations is likely to have been drawn from a candidate probability distribution. This paper presents a rank-based family of goodness-of-fit tests that is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-18 Feras A. Saad , Cameron E. Freer , Nathanael L. Ackerman , Vikash K. Mansinghka

The $k$-of-$n$ testing problem involves performing $n$ independent tests sequentially, in order to determine whether/not at least $k$ tests pass. The objective is to minimize the expected cost of testing. This is a fundamental and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rayen Tan , Viswanath Nagarajan

Determining whether an unknown distribution matches a known reference is a cornerstone problem in distributional analysis. While classical results establish a rigorous framework in the case of distributions over finite domains, real-world…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Smayan Agarwal , Shobhit Singh , Aalok Thakkar

In this work we present novel differentially private identity (goodness-of-fit) testers for natural and widely studied classes of multivariate product distributions: Gaussians in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with known covariance and product…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Clément L. Canonne , Gautam Kamath , Audra McMillan , Jonathan Ullman , Lydia Zakynthinou

We study distribution testing in the standard access model and the conditional access model when the memory available to the testing algorithm is bounded. In both scenarios, the samples appear in an online fashion and the goal is to test…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Sampriti Roy , Yadu Vasudev

We study the question of closeness testing for two discrete distributions. More precisely, given samples from two distributions $p$ and $q$ over an $n$-element set, we wish to distinguish whether $p=q$ versus $p$ is at least $\eps$-far from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-20 Siu-On Chan , Ilias Diakonikolas , Gregory Valiant , Paul Valiant

Independence testing is a fundamental problem in statistical inference: given samples from a joint distribution $p$ over multiple random variables, the goal is to determine whether $p$ is a product distribution or is $\epsilon$-far from all…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Alireza Azizi , Ria Stevens

We study the question of identity testing for structured distributions. More precisely, given samples from a {\em structured} distribution $q$ over $[n]$ and an explicit distribution $p$ over $[n]$, we wish to distinguish whether $q=p$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-10 Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Vladimir Nikishkin

We study the question of testing structured properties (classes) of discrete distributions. Specifically, given sample access to an arbitrary distribution $D$ over $[n]$ and a property $\mathcal{P}$, the goal is to distinguish between…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-01-22 Clément L. Canonne , Ilias Diakonikolas , Themis Gouleakis , Ronitt Rubinfeld

As statistical analyses become more central to science, industry and society, there is a growing need to ensure correctness of their results. Approximate correctness can be verified by replicating the entire analysis, but can we verify…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Tal Herman , Guy Rothblum

Scheduling with testing is a recent online problem within the framework of explorable uncertainty motivated by environments where some preliminary action can influence the duration of a task. Jobs have an unknown processing time that can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Susanne Albers , Alexander Eckl

We study the problems of learning and testing junta distributions on $\{-1,1\}^n$ with respect to the uniform distribution, where a distribution $p$ is a $k$-junta if its probability mass function $p(x)$ depends on a subset of at most $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Xi Chen , Rajesh Jayaram , Amit Levi , Erik Waingarten

Given independent samples generated from the joint distribution $p(\mathbf{x},\mathbf{y},\mathbf{z})$, we study the problem of Conditional Independence (CI-Testing), i.e., whether the joint equals the CI distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-27 Rajat Sen , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Himanshu Asnani , Arman Rahimzamani , Sreeram Kannan

We introduce a framework for proving lower bounds on computational problems over distributions against algorithms that can be implemented using access to a statistical query oracle. For such algorithms, access to the input distribution is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Vitaly Feldman , Elena Grigorescu , Lev Reyzin , Santosh Vempala , Ying Xiao

In this work, we consider the sample complexity required for testing the monotonicity of distributions over partial orders. A distribution $p$ over a poset is monotone if, for any pair of domain elements $x$ and $y$ such that $x \preceq y$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Themis Gouleakis , John Peebles , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Anak Yodpinyanee

In this paper we study the problem of testing of constrained samplers over high-dimensional distributions with $(\varepsilon,\eta,\delta)$ guarantees. Samplers are increasingly used in a wide range of safety-critical ML applications, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Yash Pote , Kuldeep S. Meel

We provide improved differentially private algorithms for identity testing of high-dimensional distributions. Specifically, for $d$-dimensional Gaussian distributions with known covariance $\Sigma$, we can test whether the distribution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Shyam Narayanan

A hypothesis testing algorithm is replicable if, when run on two different samples from the same distribution, it produces the same output with high probability. This notion, defined by by Impagliazzo, Lei, Pitassi, and Sorell [STOC'22],…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Anders Aamand , Maryam Aliakbarpour , Justin Y. Chen , Shyam Narayanan , Sandeep Silwal

We study simple binary hypothesis testing under both local differential privacy (LDP) and communication constraints. We qualify our results as either minimax optimal or instance optimal: the former hold for the set of distribution pairs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Ankit Pensia , Amir R. Asadi , Varun Jog , Po-Ling Loh

Many algorithms are designed to work well on average over inputs. When running such an algorithm on an arbitrary input, we must ask: Can we trust the algorithm on this input? We identify a new class of algorithmic problems addressing this,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Cassandra Marcussen , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Madhu Sudan