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Learner satisfaction prediction from MOOC reviews and behavioral logs is valuable for course quality improvement and platform operations. In practice, models trained on one platform degrade significantly when deployed on another due to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jakub Kowalski , Magdalena Piotrowska

The Markov assumption (MA) is fundamental to the empirical validity of reinforcement learning. In this paper, we propose a novel Forward-Backward Learning procedure to test MA in sequential decision making. The proposed test does not assume…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-06 Chengchun Shi , Runzhe Wan , Rui Song , Wenbin Lu , Ling Leng

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) aims to mitigate distributional shifts between training and test domains during inference time. However, existing TTA methods fall short in the realistic scenario where models face both continually changing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yingkai Yang , Chaoqi Chen , Hui Huang

Many complex systems obey to optimality conditions that are usually not simple. Conflicting traits often interact making a Multi Objective Optimization (MOO) approach necessary. Recent MOO research on complex systems report about the Pareto…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-09-16 Luís F. Seoane , Ricard Solé

Iterative abstraction refinement techniques are one of the most prominent paradigms for the analysis and verification of systems with large or infinite state spaces. This paper investigates the changes of truth values of system properties…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jakob Piribauer , Vinzent Zschuppe

We have implemented Kima, an automated error correction system for concurrent logic programs. Kima corrects near-misses such as wrong variable occurrences in the absence of explicit declarations of program properties. Strong moding/typing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yasuhiro Ajiro , Kazunori Ueda

Autonomous systems, such as autonomous driving systems, evolve rapidly through frequent updates, risking unintended behavioral degradations. Effective system-level testing is challenging due to the vast scenario space, the absence of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hossein Yousefizadeh , Shenghui Gu , Lionel C. Briand , Ali Nasr

We provide a generic algorithm for constructing formulae that distinguish behaviourally inequivalent states in systems of various transition types such as nondeterministic, probabilistic or weighted; genericity over the transition type is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Thorsten Wißmann , Stefan Milius , Lutz Schröder

Efficiently optimizing multi-model inference pipelines for fast, accurate, and cost-effective inference is a crucial challenge in machine learning production systems, given their tight end-to-end latency requirements. To simplify the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Saeid Ghafouri , Kamran Razavi , Mehran Salmani , Alireza Sanaee , Tania Lorido-Botran , Lin Wang , Joseph Doyle , Pooyan Jamshidi

The linear instrumental variable (IV) model is widely used in observational studies, yet its validity hinges on strong assumptions. Classical specification tests such as the Sargan-Hansen J test are limited to overidentified settings and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-21 Cyrill Scheidegger , Malte Londschien , Peter Bühlmann

Reliability assessment of engineering systems often requires repeated evaluations of limit-state functions that may rely on computationally expensive high-fidelity models, rendering direct sampling-based reliability analysis impractical. An…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jonathan A. Moran , Pablo G. Morato

Patients regularly continue assessment or treatment in other facilities than they began them in, receiving their previous imaging studies as a CD-ROM and requiring clinical staff at the new hospital to import these studies into their local…

Unsupervised neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) enables learning powerful solvers without access to ground-truth solutions. Existing approaches fall into two disjoint paradigms: models trained for generalization across instances, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yiqiao Liao , Farinaz Koushanfar , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Closed-loop performance of sequential decision making algorithms, such as model predictive control, depends strongly on the choice of controller parameters. Bayesian optimization allows learning of parameters from closed-loop experiments,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Sebastian Hirt , Lukas Theiner , Rolf Findeisen

Most deep learning recommendation models operate as black boxes, relying on latent representations that obscure their decision process. This lack of intrinsic interpretability raises concerns in applications that require transparency and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jinhao Pan , Bowen Wei , Ziwei Zhu

This study empirically validates automated logical specification methods for behavioural models, focusing on their robustness, scalability, and reproducibility. By the systematic reproduction and extension of prior results, we confirm key…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Radoslaw Klimek , Jakub Semczyszyn

Test-time policy adaptation for multi-turn interactions (T2PAM) is essential for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with dynamic user needs during inference time. However, existing paradigms commonly treat test-time adaptation as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chenxing Wei , Hong Wang , Ying He , Zhongxiang Dai , Bo Jiang , F. Richard Yu , Yao Shu

Large language models (LLMs) are promising for autonomous driving, but semantics-only decision policies can yield physically unsafe behavior in dynamic traffic. Existing methods either perform online language reasoning without explicit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhengqi Sun , Yiwen Sun , Boxuan Liu , Tailai Chen , Tianxu Guo , Jiabin Liu

We present TACO, a toolsuite for the development and automatic verification of fault-tolerant and threshold-based distributed algorithms. Our toolsuite implements three approaches for model checking threshold automata in different decidable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Paul Eichler , Tom Baumeister , Mouhammad Sakr , Mahboubeh Kalateh Dowlati , Marcus Völp , Swen Jacobs

Omni-modal Large Language Models (Omni-MLLMs) promise a unified integration of diverse sensory streams. However, recent evaluations reveal a critical performance paradox: unimodal baselines frequently outperform joint multimodal inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ziyang Luo , Nian Liu , Junwei Han