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High dimensionality comparable to sample size is common in many statistical problems. We examine covariance matrix estimation in the asymptotic framework that the dimensionality $p$ tends to $\infty$ as the sample size $n$ increases.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Jianqing Fan , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv

In dealing with high-dimensional data sets, factor models are often useful for dimension reduction. The estimation of factor models has been actively studied in various fields. In the first part of this paper, we present a new approach to…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-11-27 Joongyeub Yeo , George Papanicolaou

We propose a model to forecast large realized covariance matrices of returns, applying it to the constituents of the S\&P 500 daily. To address the curse of dimensionality, we decompose the return covariance matrix using standard firm-level…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-29 Rafael Alves , Diego S. de Brito , Marcelo C. Medeiros , Ruy M. Ribeiro

The variance--covariance matrix plays a central role in the inferential theories of high-dimensional factor models in finance and economics. Popular regularization methods of directly exploiting sparsity are not directly applicable to many…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-03-15 Jianqing Fan , Yuan Liao , Martina Mincheva

High-dimensional matrix-variate time series data are becoming widely available in many scientific fields, such as economics, biology, and meteorology. To achieve significant dimension reduction while preserving the intrinsic matrix…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-20 Elynn Y. Chen , Ruey S. Tsay , Rong Chen

In the stochastic volatility models for multivariate daily stock returns, it has been found that the estimates of parameters become unstable as the dimension of returns increases. To solve this problem, we focus on the factor structure of…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-09-16 Yuta Yamauchi , Yasuhiro Omori

This paper introduces a novel process for both factor and idiosyncratic volatility matrices whose eigenvalues follow the vector auto-regressive (VAR) model. We call it the factor and idiosyncratic VAR (FIVAR) model. The FIVAR model accounts…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Minseok Shin , Donggyu Kim , Yazhen Wang , Jianqing Fan

In finance, economics and many other fields, observations in a matrix form are often observed over time. For example, many economic indicators are obtained in different countries over time. Various financial characteristics of many…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-22 Dong Wang , Xialu Liu , Rong Chen

We introduce a HD DCC-HEAVY class of hierarchical-type factor models for high-dimensional covariance matrices, employing the realized measures built from higher-frequency data. The modelling approach features straightforward estimation and…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-17 Emilija Dzuverovic , Matteo Barigozzi

Factor modeling is an essential tool for exploring intrinsic dependence structures among high-dimensional random variables. Much progress has been made for estimating the covariance matrix from a high-dimensional factor model. However, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-26 Quefeng Li , Guang Cheng , Jianqing Fan , Yuyan Wang

We propose a novel class of multivariate GARCH models that incorporate realized measures of volatility and correlations. The key innovation is an unconstrained vector parametrization of the conditional correlation matrix, which enables the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-02-07 Ilya Archakov , Peter Reinhard Hansen , Asger Lunde

We provide a simple method to estimate the parameters of multivariate stochastic volatility models with latent factor structures. These models are very useful as they alleviate the standard curse of dimensionality, allowing the number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-02-15 Giorgio Calzolari , Roxana Halbleib , Christian Mücher

This paper develops an inferential theory for high-dimensional matrix-variate factor models with missing observations. We propose an easy-to-use all-purpose method that involves two straightforward steps. First, we perform principal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-26 Yongxia Zhang , Jinwen Liang , Liwen Xu , Keming Yu , Maozai Tian

This article considers to model large-dimensional matrix time series by introducing a regression term to the matrix factor model. This is an extension of classic matrix factor model to incorporate the information of known factors or useful…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-26 Yongchang Hui , Yuteng Zhang , Siting Huang

The modal factor model represents a new factor model for dimension reduction in high dimensional panel data. Unlike the approximate factor model that targets for the mean factors, it captures factors that influence the conditional mode of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-10-01 Zhe Sun , Yundong Tu

Accurate volatility forecasts are vital in modern finance for risk management, portfolio allocation, and strategic decision-making. However, existing methods face key limitations. Fully multivariate models, while comprehensive, are…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-09 Duo Zhang , Jiayu Li , Junyi Mo , Elynn Chen

Matrix time series, which consist of matrix-valued data observed over time, are prevalent in various fields such as economics, finance, and engineering. Such matrix time series data are often observed in high dimensions. Matrix factor…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-09 Ruofan Yu , Rong Chen , Han Xiao , Yuefeng Han

Factor analysis is a widely used statistical tool in many scientific disciplines, such as psychology, economics, and sociology. As observations linked by networks become increasingly common, incorporating network structures into factor…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-27 Jinming Li , Gongjun Xu , Ji Zhu

We propose a dynamic multiplicative factor model for process data, which arise from complex problem-solving items, an emerging testing mode in large-scale educational assessment. The proposed model can be viewed as an extension of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-26 Fangyi Chen , Hok Kan Ling , Zhiliang Ying

Although stochastic volatility and GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) models have successfully described the volatility dynamics of univariate asset returns, extending them to the multivariate models with…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-10-09 Yuta Yamauchi , Yasuhiro Omori
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