Related papers: Quadratic normalisation in monoids
We prove that the exponential growth rate of the regular language of penetration sequences is smaller than the growth rate of the regular language of normal form words, if the acceptor of the regular language of normal form words is…
In this paper, we introduce monoidal rewriting systems (MRS), an abstraction of string rewriting in which reductions are defined over an arbitrary ambient monoid rather than a free monoid of words. This shift is partly motivated by logic:…
Garside families have recently emerged as a relevant context for extending results involving Garside monoids and groups, which themselves extend the classical theory of (generalized) braid groups. Here we establish various characterizations…
This paper proposes a definition of recognizable transducers over monads and comonads, which bridges two important ongoing efforts in the current research on regularity. The first effort is the study of regular transductions, which extends…
This paper makes a combinatorial study of the two monoids and the two types of tableaux that arise from the two possible generalizations of the Patience Sorting algorithm from permutations (or standard words) to words. For both types of…
We have analyzed the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation with a stochastic noise term through a dynamic renormalization group calculation. For a system in which the lattice spacing is smaller than the typical wavelength of the linear instability…
A recently introduced real space renormalization group technique, developed for the analysis of processes in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class, is generalized and tested by applying it to a different family of surface growth…
Timed words are words where letters of the alphabet come with time stamps. We extend the definitions of semistandard tableaux, insertion, Knuth equivalence, and the plactic monoid to the setting of timed words. Using this, Greene's theorem…
The aim of this work is to characterize three fundamental normalization proprieties in lambda-calculus trough the Taylor expansion of $ \lambda$-terms. The general proof strategy consists in stating the dependence of ordinary reduction…
We describe new types of normal forms for braid monoids, Artin-Tits monoids, and, more generally, for all monoids in which divisibility has some convenient lattice properties (``locally Garside monoids''). We show that, in the case of…
In Monoidal Computer I, we introduced a categorical model of computation where the formal reasoning about computability was supported by the simple and popular diagrammatic language of string diagrams. In the present paper, we refine and…
We describe a practical algorithm for computing normal forms for semigroups and monoids with finite presentations satisfying so-called small overlap conditions. Small overlap conditions are natural conditions on the relations in a…
Convergent rewriting systems are well-known tools in the study of the word-rewriting problem. In particular, a presentation of a monoid by a finite convergent rewriting system gives an algorithm to decide the word problem for this monoid.…
The theory of regular cost functions is a quantitative extension to the classical notion of regularity. A cost function associates to each input a non-negative integer value (or infinity), as opposed to languages which only associate to…
This paper shows how to obtain the key concepts and notations of Garside theory by using the Composition--Diamond lemma. We also show in some cases the greedy normal form is exactly a Gr\"obner--Shirshov normal form and a family of a…
Masked language modeling is a widely used method for learning language representations, where the model predicts a randomly masked word in each input. However, this approach typically considers only a single correct answer during training,…
A partial monoid $P$ is a set with a partial multiplication $\times$ (and total identity $1_P$) which satisfies some associativity axiom. The partial monoid $P$ may be embedded in a free monoid $P^*$ and the product $\star$ is simulated by…
The program-over-monoid model of computation originates with Barrington's proof that the model captures the complexity class $\mathsf{NC^1}$. Here we make progress in understanding the subtleties of the model. First, we identify a new…
The groups G_{k,1} of Richard Thompson and Graham Higman can be generalized in a natural way to monoids, that we call M_{k,1}, and to inverse monoids, called Inv_{k,1}; this is done by simply generalizing bijections to partial functions or…
In this note, we establish the periodicity of chains of affine standard Lyndon words in all types and determine tight bounds on that periodicity, greatly generalizing the $A$-type results of arXiv:2305.16299. Our approach crucially utilizes…