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Egel is an untyped eager combinator toy language. Its primary purpose is to showcase an abstract graph-rewriting semantics allowing a robust memory-safe construction in C++. Though graph rewriters are normally implemented by elaborate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-22 M. C. A. , Devillers

Graph representations of programs are commonly a central element of machine learning for code research. We introduce an open source Python library python_graphs that applies static analysis to construct graph representations of Python…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 David Bieber , Kensen Shi , Petros Maniatis , Charles Sutton , Vincent Hellendoorn , Daniel Johnson , Daniel Tarlow

We report on implementing graph grammars for intelligence analysis in OCaml. Graph grammars are represented as elements of an algebraic data type in OCaml. In addition to algebraic data types, we use other concepts from functional…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Rod Moten , Kemafor Anyanwu-Ogan , Sahibi Miranshah

Graph Transformers (GTs) have demonstrated a strong capability in modeling graph structures by addressing the intrinsic limitations of graph neural networks (GNNs), such as over-smoothing and over-squashing. Recent studies have proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Chaohao Yuan , Kangfei Zhao , Ercan Engin Kuruoglu , Liang Wang , Tingyang Xu , Wenbing Huang , Deli Zhao , Hong Cheng , Yu Rong

When using graph transformation rules to implement graph algorithms, a challenge is to match the efficiency of programs in conventional languages. To help overcome that challenge, the graph programming language GP 2 features rooted rules…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Brian Courtehoute , Detlef Plump

The graph programming language GP 2 allows to apply sets of rule schemata (or "attributed" rules) non-deterministically. To analyse conflicts of programs statically, graphs labelled with expressions are overlayed to construct critical pairs…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Ivaylo Hristakiev , Detlef Plump

To enable heterogeneous computing systems with autonomous programming and optimization capabilities, we propose a unified, end-to-end, programmable graph representation learning (PGL) framework that is capable of mining the complexity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Yao Xiao , Guixiang Ma , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Mihai Capota , Theodore Willke , Shahin Nazarian , Paul Bogdan

The dramatic increase of complex, multi-step, and rapidly evolving attacks in dynamic networks involves advanced cyber-threat detectors. The GPML (Graph Processing for Machine Learning) library addresses this need by transforming raw…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Majed Jaber , Julien Michel , Nicolas Boutry , Pierre Parrend

Generative models for source code are an interesting structured prediction problem, requiring to reason about both hard syntactic and semantic constraints as well as about natural, likely programs. We present a novel model for this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Marc Brockschmidt , Miltiadis Allamanis , Alexander L. Gaunt , Oleksandr Polozov

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) to process graph-structured data is an active research area, yet current state-of-the-art approaches typically rely on multi-step pipelines with Graph Neural Network (GNN) encoders that compress rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Dario Vajda

LXG is a simple Pascal-like language. It is a functional programming language developed for studying compiler design and implementation. The language supports procedure and variable declarations, but no classes. This paper reports the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-01-08 Emil Vassev

Gremlin is a graph traversal machine and language designed, developed, and distributed by the Apache TinkerPop project. Gremlin, as a graph traversal machine, is composed of three interacting components: a graph $G$, a traversal $\Psi$, and…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Marko A. Rodriguez

Programming languages possess rich semantic information - such as data flow - that is represented by graphs and not available from the surface form of source code. Recent code language models have scaled to billions of parameters, but model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ziyin Zhang , Hang Yu , Shijie Li , Peng Di , Jianguo Li , Rui Wang

A recent paper by Drewes, Hoffmann, and Minas (GCM 2023 proceedings) has shown that certain graph languages can be defined and efficiently recognized by finite automata when strings over typed symbols are interpreted as graphs. This…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Mattia De Rosa , Mark Minas

We consider Hoare-style verification for the graph programming language GP 2. In previous work, graph properties were specified by so-called E-conditions which extend nested graph conditions. However, this type of assertions is not easy to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Gia S. Wulandari , Detlef Plump

Recent improvements in KG-to-text generation are due to additional auxiliary pre-training tasks designed to give the fine-tune task a boost in performance. These tasks require extensive computational resources while only suggesting marginal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Anthony Colas , Mehrdad Alvandipour , Daisy Zhe Wang

The representation of graphs is commonly based on the adjacency matrix concept. This formulation is the foundation of most algebraic and computational approaches to graph processing. The advent of deep learning language models offers a wide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ezequiel Lopez-Rubio

We consider Hoare-style verification for the graph programming language GP 2. In previous work, graph properties were specified by so-called E-conditions which extend nested graph conditions. However, this type of assertions is not easy to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Gia Wulandari , Detlef Plump

Cg is a language for programming GPUs. This paper describes Cg briefly.

Graphics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mark J. Kilgard

Graph rewrite systems are powerful tools to model and study complex problems in various fields of research. Their successful application to chemical reaction modelling on a molecular level was shown but no appropriate and simple system is…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Martin Mann , Heinz Ekker , Christoph Flamm