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This paper revisits the conundrum faced when one attempts to understand the dynamics of black hole formation and evaporation without abandoning unitary evolution. Previous efforts to resolve this puzzle assume that information escapes in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 S. B. Giddings

We present a microscopic statistical-mechanical foundation for interpreting the horizon area of a scrambling black hole as coherent information, equivalently negative conditional quantum entropy, in Hawking's pair-creation picture. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-26 Koji Azuma

Almheiri et al. have emphasized that otherwise reasonable beliefs about black hole evaporation are incompatible with the monogamy of quantum entanglement, a general property of quantum mechanics. We investigate the final-state projection…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-08-25 Seth Lloyd , John Preskill

The Bekenstein-Hawking equation states that black holes should have entropy proportional to their areas to make black hole physics compatible with the second law of thermodynamics. However, this equation leads to an inconsistency among the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-04 Koji Azuma , Sathyawageeswar Subramanian , Go Kato

We first revisit Hartle and Hawking's path integral derivation of Hawking radiation. In the first point of view, we interpret that a particle-antiparticle pair is created and the negative energy antiparticle falls into the black hole. On…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-19 Dong-han Yeom

We propose a new scenario for the evolution of a binary of primordial black holes (PBHs). We consider a dynamical friction by ambient dark matter, scattering of dark matter particles with a highly eccentric orbit besides the standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Kimitake Hayasaki , Keitaro Takahashi , Yuuiti Sendouda , Shigehiro Nagataki

The eventual production of mini black holes by proton-proton collisions at the LHC is predicted by theories with large extra dimensions resolvable at the Tev scale of energies. It is expected that these black holes evaporate shortly after…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-09-28 M. D. Maia , E. M. Monte

We study the evaporation of black holes in space-times with extra dimensions of size L. We first obtain a description which interpolates between the expected behaviors of very large and very small black holes and then show that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Roberto Casadio , Benjamin Harms

A feature shared by many regular black hole spacetimes is the occurrence of a Cauchy horizon. It is then commonly believed that this renders the geometry unstable against perturbations through the mass-inflation effect. In this work, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-18 Alfio Bonanno , Amir-Pouyan Khosravi , Frank Saueressig

Recent X-ray observations of intense high-speed outflows in quasars suggest that supercritical accretion on to the central black hole may have an important effect on a host galaxy. I revisit some ideas of Silk and Rees, and assume such…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew King

We incorporate elements of the recently discovered exact solutions of the quantum constraints of loop quantum gravity for vacuum spherically symmetric space-times into the paradigm of black hole evaporation due to Ashtekar and Bojowald. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-10 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

If two particles collide in the vicinity of a black hole horizon, their center of mass energy is practically unlimited, so another black hole with a large mass and thus entropy can be created. The resulting black hole can then merge with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-05 De-Chang Dai

In this work we analyse the backreaction of a quantum field on a spherically symmetric black hole geometry with an inner horizon, i.e. an internal boundary of the trapped region. We start with a black hole background with an inner horizon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-12 Carlos Barceló , Valentin Boyanov , Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Luis J. Garay

Hawking showed that a black hole formed by collapse will emit radiation and eventually disappear. We address the challenge to define an objective notion of physical entropy which increases throughout this process in a way consistent with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-18 Bernard S. Kay

We examine the joint effects of relativistic accretion and memory-burdened evaporation on the evolution of primordial black holes (PBHs). The memory burden effect, which delays the evaporation by inducing a backreaction and making the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Suvashis Maity

We consider the fate of a small classical object, a "stick", as it falls through the horizon of a large black hole (BH). Classically, the equivalence principle dictates that the stick is affected by small tidal forces, and Hawking's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-20 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

We conjecture that the Higgs potential can be significantly modified when it is in close proximity to the horizon of an astrophysical black hole, leading to the destabilization of the electroweak vacuum. In this situation, the black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-27 Mariam Chitishvili , Merab Gogberashvili , Rostislav Konoplich , Alexander S. Sakharov

This paper argues that the effect of Hawking radiation on an astrophysical black hole situated in a realistic cosmological context is not total evaporation of the black hole; rather there will always be a remnant mass. The key point is that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-22 George F R Ellis

A lot of confusion surrounds the issue of black hole complementarity, because the question has been considered without discussing the mechanism which guarantees unitarity. Considering such a mechanism leads to the following: (1) The Hawking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-05-29 Samir D. Mathur , David Turton

In this paper, we revisit the evaporation and accretion of primordial black holes (PBHs) during cosmic history and compare them to see if both of these processes are constantly active for PBHs or not. Our calculations indicate that during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-27 Seyed Sajad Tabasi , Javad T. Firouzjaee
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