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It is well-known that pythagorean triples can be represented by points of the unit circle with rational coordinates. These points form an abelian group, and we describe its structure. This structural description yields, almost immediately,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Amnon Yekutieli

We prove that all definable pre-orders are atomic, in a finitely generated free algebra of a discriminator variety of finite similarity type which is generated by its finite members.

Logic · Mathematics 2016-06-27 H. Andréka , I. Németi

We summarize several results about non-simplicity, solvability and normal structure of finite groups related to the number of conjugacy classes appearing in the product or the power of conjugacy classes. We also collect some problems that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Antonio Beltrán , María José Felipe , Carmen Melchor

We introduce and analyze parallelizable algorithms to compress and accurately reconstruct finite simplicial complexes that have non-trivial automorphisms. The compressed data -- called a complex of groups -- amounts to a functor from (the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Lisa Carbone , Vidit Nanda , Yusra Naqvi

We introduce constructible directed complexes, a combinatorial presentation of higher categories inspired by constructible complexes in poset topology. Constructible directed complexes with a greatest element, called atoms, encompass common…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Amar Hadzihasanovic

The joint spectral radius of a bounded set of $d \times d$ real matrices is defined to be the maximum possible exponential growth rate of products of matrices drawn from that set. For a fixed set of matrices, a sequence of matrices drawn…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-24 Kevin G. Hare , Ian D. Morris , Nikita Sidorov

In this paper, we study the structure of finite groups with a large number of conjugacy classes of $p$-elements for some prime $p$. As consequences, we obtain some new criteria for the existence of normal $p$-complements in finite groups.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-09 Hung P. Tong-Viet

We describe a formal correctness proof of RANKING, an online algorithm for online bipartite matching. An outcome of our formalisation is that it shows that there is a gap in all combinatorial proofs of the algorithm. Filling that gap…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Mohammad Abdulaziz , Christoph Madlener

In this paper we build an abstract description of vertex algebras from their basic axioms. Starting with Borcherds' notion of a vertex group, we naturally construct a family of multilinear singular maps parameterised by trees. These…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Craig T. Snydal

A new syntactic characterization of problems complete via Turing reductions is presented. General canonical forms are developed in order to define such problems. One of these forms allows us to define complete problems on ordered…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Vladimir Naidenko

We characterize when the elementary diagram of a mutually algebraic structure has a model complete theory, and give an explicit description of a set of existential formulas to which every formula is equivalent. This characterization yields…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Michael C. Laskowski

We introduce a new combinatorial object called tower diagrams and prove fundamental properties of these objects. We also introduce an algorithm that allows us to slide words to tower diagrams. We show that the algorithm is well-defined only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-25 Olcay Coşkun , Müge Taşkın

A new class of functions is presented. The structure of the algorithm, particularly the selection criteria (branching), is used to define the fundamental property of the new class. The most interesting property of the new functions is that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Rade Vuckovac

We develop a categorical framework for reasoning about abstract properties of differentiation, based on the theory of fibrations. Our work encompasses the first-order fragments of several existing categorical structures for differentiation,…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Matteo Capucci , Geoffrey S. H. Cruttwell , Neil Ghani , Fabio Zanasi

The Massively Parallel Computation (MPC) model serves as a common abstraction of many modern large-scale data processing frameworks, and has been receiving increasingly more attention over the past few years, especially in the context of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Danupon Nanongkai , Michele Scquizzato

We develop a representation theory of categories as a means to explore characteristic structures in algebra. Characteristic structures play a critical role in isomorphism testing of groups and algebras, and their construction and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Peter A. Brooksbank , Heiko Dietrich , Joshua Maglione , E. A. O'Brien , James B. Wilson

We prove several results from different areas of extremal combinatorics, giving complete or partial solutions to a number of open problems. These results, coming from areas such as extremal graph theory, Ramsey theory and additive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-26 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

We study simple Lie algebras generated by extremal elements, over arbitrary fields of arbitrary characteristic. We show: (1) If the extremal geometry contains lines, then the Lie algebra admits a $5 \times 5$-grading that can be…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Tom De Medts , Jeroen Meulewaeter

A combinatorial theory of associative $n$-categories has recently been proposed, with strictly associative and unital composition in all dimensions, and the weak structure arising as a combinatorial notion of homotopy with a natural…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-12 David Reutter , Jamie Vicary

The category of strict omega-categories has an important full subcategory whose objects are the simple omega-categories freely generated by planar trees or by globular cardinals. We give a simple description of this subcategory in terms of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Richard Steiner