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Attention mechanisms underpin the success of large language models (LLMs), yet their substantial computational and memory overhead poses challenges for optimizing efficiency and performance. A critical bottleneck arises as KV cache and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Luoyang Sun , Cheng Deng , Jiwen Jiang , Xinjian Wu , Haifeng Zhang , Lei Chen , Lionel Ni , Jun Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks by integrating the strengths of large language models (LLMs) and external knowledge databases. However, RAG introduces long…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Chao Jin , Zili Zhang , Xuanlin Jiang , Fangyue Liu , Xin Liu , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

As a result of RAM becoming cheaper, there has been a trend in key-value store design towards maintaining a fast in-memory index (such as a hash table) while logging user operations to disk, allowing high performance under failure-free…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Maofan Yin , Hongbo Zhang , Robbert van Renesse , Emin Gün Sirer

Fast and scalable metadata management across multiple metadata servers is crucial for distributed file systems to handle numerous files and directories. Client-side caching of frequently accessed metadata can mitigate server loads, but…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Qingxiu Liu , Jiazhen Cai , Siyuan Sheng , Yuhui Chen , Lu Tang , Zhirong Shen , Patrick P. C. Lee

NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Yu Cai , Saugata Ghose , Erich F. Haratsch , Yixin Luo , Onur Mutlu

The effective management of large amounts of data processed or required by today's cloud or edge computing systems remains a fundamental challenge. This paper focuses on cache management for applications where data objects can be stored in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Agrim Bari , Gustavo de Veciana , George Kesidis

In modern server computing, efficient CPU resource usage is often traded for latency. Garbage collection is a key aspect of memory management in programming languages like Java, but it often competes with application threads for CPU time,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Marina Shimchenko , Erik Österlund , Tobias Wrigstad

The size of computer networks, along with their bandwidths, is growing exponentially. To support these large, high-speed networks, it is neccessary to be able to forward packets in a few microseconds. One part of the forwarding operation…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 R. Jain

As the Large Language Model (LLM) becomes increasingly important in various domains. However, the following challenges still remain unsolved in accelerating LLM inference: (1) Synchronized partial softmax update. The softmax operation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ke Hong , Guohao Dai , Jiaming Xu , Qiuli Mao , Xiuhong Li , Jun Liu , Kangdi Chen , Yuhan Dong , Yu Wang

The article addresses the problem of storing data in extreme environmental conditions with limited computing resources and memory. There is a requirement to create portable, fault-tolerant, modular database management systems (DBMS) that…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Nikolay Fot , Alexander Vinarsky

The current flash memory technology focuses on the cost minimization of its static storage capacity. However, the resulting approach supports a relatively small number of program-erase cycles. This technology is effective for consumer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Eyal En Gad , Eitan Yaakobi , Anxiao , Jiang , Jehoshua Bruck

Fog computing architectures distribute computational and storage resources along the continuum from the cloud to things. Therefore, the execution of services or the storage of files can be closer to the users. The main objectives of fog…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Carlos Guerrero , Isaac Lera , Carlos Juiz

We present a systematic derivation of a data-parallel implementation of two-level, static and collision-free hash maps, by giving a functional formulation of the Fredman et al. construction, and then flattening it. We discuss the challenges…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-18 William Henrich Due , Martin Elsman , Troels Henriksen

Template-matching methods for visual tracking have gained popularity recently due to their good performance and fast speed. However, they lack effective ways to adapt to changes in the target object's appearance, making their tracking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Tianyu Yang , Antoni B. Chan

Large Language Models (LLMs) and other large foundation models have achieved noteworthy success, but their size exacerbates existing resource consumption and latency challenges. In particular, the large-scale deployment of these models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Banghua Zhu , Ying Sheng , Lianmin Zheng , Clark Barrett , Michael I. Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

In this paper, cooperative caching is investigated in fog radio access networks (F-RAN). To maximize the offloaded traffic, cooperative caching optimization problem is formulated. By analyzing the relationship between clustering and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Yanxiang Jiang , Xiaoting Cui , Mehdi Bennis , Fu-Chun Zheng

Serverless Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a cost-effective solution for deploying AI services by enabling a 'pay-as-you-go' pricing model through GPU resource sharing. However, cold-start latency, especially the model loading…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbin Zhu , Zhaoyan Shen , Zili Shao , Hongjun Dai , Feng Chen

Topological maps are favorable for their small storage compared to geometric map. However, they are limited in relocalization and path planning capabilities. To solve this problem, a feature-based hierarchical topological map (FHT-Map) is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Kun Song , Wenhang Liu , Gaoming Chen , Xiang Xu , Zhenhua Xiong

Quad-level cell (QLC) flash offers significant benefits in cost and capacity, but its limited reliability leads to frequent read retries, which severely degrade read performance. A common strategy in high-density flash storage is to program…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yanyun Wang , Dingcui Yu , Yina Lv , Yunpeng Song , Yumiao Zhao , Liang Shi

Transformer-based language models have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks, yet their high inference latency poses a significant challenge for real-timeand large-scale deployment. While existing caching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Harsh Vardhan Bansal