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Functional data analysis has been a growing field of study in recent decades, and one fundamental task in functional data analysis is estimating the sample location. A notion called statistical depth has been extended from multivariate data…

Applications · Statistics 2018-11-06 Xudong Zhang

A number of fundamental quantities in statistical signal processing and information theory can be expressed as integral functions of two probability density functions. Such quantities are called density functionals as they map density…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Alan Wisler , Visar Berisha , Andreas Spanias , Alfred O. Hero

Defining a successful notion of a multivariate quantile has been an open problem for more than half a century, motivating a plethora of possible solutions. Of these, the approach of [8] and [25] leading to M-quantiles, is very appealing for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-11 Sajal Chakroborty , Ram Iyer , A. Alexandre Trindade

High dimensionality, i.e. data having a large number of variables, tends to be a challenge for most machine learning tasks, including classification. A classifier usually builds a model representing how a set of inputs explain the outputs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Francisco J. Pulgar , Francisco Charte , Antonio J. Rivera , María J. del Jesus

Bearings are among the most failure-prone components in rotating machinery, and their condition directly impacts overall performance. Therefore, accurately diagnosing bearing faults is essential for ensuring system stability. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Amir Eshaghi Chaleshtori , Abdollah Aghaie

There has been extensive work on data depth-based methods for robust multivariate data analysis. Recent developments have moved to infinite-dimensional objects such as functional data. In this work, we propose a new notion of depth, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-16 Huang Huang , Ying Sun

The Bregman divergence (Bregman distance, Bregman measure of distance) is a certain useful substitute for a distance, obtained from a well-chosen function (the "Bregman function"). Bregman functions and divergences have been extensively…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-10 Daniel Reem , Simeon Reich , Alvaro De Pierro

The MNIST dataset of the handwritten digits is known as one of the commonly used datasets for machine learning and computer vision research. We aim to study a widely applicable classification problem and apply a simple yet efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Divas Grover , Behrad Toghi

The intrinsically infinite-dimensional features of the functional observations over multidimensional domains render the standard classification methods effectively inapplicable. To address this problem, we introduce a novel multiclass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Shuoyang Wang , Guanqun Cao

Deep neural networks (DNNs) enable innovative applications of machine learning like image recognition, machine translation, or malware detection. However, deep learning is often criticized for its lack of robustness in adversarial settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel

The Maximum Depth was the first attempt to use data depths instead of multivariate raw data to construct a classification rule. Recently, the DD-classifier has solved several serious limitations of the Maximum Depth classifier but some…

A fast nonparametric procedure for classifying functional data is introduced. It consists of a two-step transformation of the original data plus a classifier operating on a low-dimensional hypercube. The functional data are first mapped…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-29 Karl Mosler , Pavlo Mozharovskyi

Studies on various facets of pattern classification is often imperative while working with multi-dimensional samples pertaining to diverse application scenarios. In this notion, weighted dimension-based distance measure has been one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ayatullah Faruk Mollah

We introduce a class of depth-based classification procedures that are of a nearest-neighbor nature. Depth, after symmetrization, indeed provides the center-outward ordering that is necessary and sufficient to define nearest neighbors. Like…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-06 Davy Paindaveine , Germain Van Bever

A functional distance ${\mathbb H}$, based on the Hausdorff metric between the function hypographs, is proposed for the space ${\mathcal E}$ of non-negative real upper semicontinuous functions on a compact interval. The main goal of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-17 Alejandro Cholaquidis , Antonio Cuevas , Ricardo Fraiman

KNN is one of the most popular classification methods, but it often fails to work well with inappropriate choice of distance metric or due to the presence of numerous class-irrelevant features. Linear feature transformation methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-06-11 Martin Renqiang Min , David A. Stanley , Zineng Yuan , Anthony Bonner , Zhaolei Zhang

Statistical depth, a commonly used analytic tool in non-parametric statistics, has been extensively studied for multivariate and functional observations over the past few decades. Although various forms of depth were introduced, they are…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-30 Weilong Zhao , Zishen Xu , Yun Yang , Wei Wu

Data depth is a powerful nonparametric tool originally proposed to rank multivariate data from center outward. In this context, one of the most archetypical depth notions is Tukey's halfspace depth. In the last few decades notions of depth…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-27 Hyemin Yeon , Xiongtao Dai , Sara Lopez-Pintado

We propose and analyze the moving median absolute deviation (MMAD) as a robust depth construction based on the median absolute distance functional with particular emphasis on its local geometry and probabilistic structure. In the univariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-07 Elsayed Elamir

Distance covariance is a popular measure of dependence between random variables. It has some robustness properties, but not all. We prove that the influence function of the usual distance covariance is bounded, but that its breakdown value…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Sarah Leyder , Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw