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Qutrit (or ternary) structures arise naturally in many quantum systems, particularly in certain non-abelian anyon systems. We present efficient circuits for ternary reversible and quantum arithmetics. Our main result is the derivation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-13 Alex Bocharov , Shawn X. Cui , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

A notorious open question in circuit complexity is whether Boolean operations of arbitrary arity can efficiently be expressed using modular counting gates only. H{\aa}stad's celebrated switching lemma yields exponential lower bounds for the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Benedikt Pago

We optimize the area and latency of Shor's factoring while simultaneously improving fault tolerance through: (1) balancing the use of ancilla generators, (2) aggressive optimization of error correction, and (3) tuning the core adder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-14 Mark G. Whitney , Nemanja Isailovic , Yatish Patel , John Kubiatowicz

Effective quantum information processing is tantamount in part to the minimization the quantum resources needed by quantum logic gates. Here, we propose an optimization of an n-controlled-qubit Fredkin gate with a maximum of 2n+1 two-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-01 Wen-Qiang Liu , Hai-Rui Wei , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Fast binary compressors are the main components of many basic digital calculation units. In this paper, a high-speed (7,2) compressor with a fast carry-generation logic is proposed. The carry-generation logic is based on the sorting…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Wenbo Guo

We present an efficient addition circuit, borrowing techniques from the classical carry-lookahead arithmetic circuit. Our quantum carry-lookahead (QCLA) adder accepts two n-bit numbers and adds them in O(log n) depth using O(n) ancillary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-03 Thomas G. Draper , Samuel A. Kutin , Eric M. Rains , Krysta M. Svore

Arithmetic operations are an important component of many quantum algorithms. As such, coming up with optimized quantum circuits for these operations leads to more efficient implementations of the corresponding algorithms. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Priyanka Mukhopadhyay , Alexandru Gheorghiu , Hari Krovi

In this paper, we propose an efficient quantum carry-lookahead adder based on the higher radix structure. For the addition of two $n$-bit numbers, our adder uses $O(n)-O(\frac{n}{r})$ qubits and $O(n)+O(\frac{n}{r})$ T gates to get the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-10 Siyi Wang , Anubhab Baksi , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Quantum modular adders are one of the most fundamental yet versatile quantum computation operations. They help implement functions of higher complexity, such as subtraction and multiplication, which are used in applications such as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Bhaskar Gaur , Himanshu Thapliyal

We present an arithmetic circuit performing constant modular addition having $\mathcal{O}(n)$ depth of Toffoli gates and using a total of $n+3$ qubits. This is an improvement by a factor of two compared to the width of the state-of-the-art…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-08 Oumarou Oumarou , Alexandru Paler , Robert Basmadjian

Multiplication over binary fields is a crucial operation in quantum algorithms designed to solve the discrete logarithm problem for elliptic curve defined over $GF(2^n)$. In this paper, we present an algorithm for constructing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Vivien Vandaele

We prove that the directed graph reachability problem (transitive closure) can be solved by monotone fan-in 2 boolean circuits of depth (1/2+o(1))(log n)^2, where n is the number of nodes. This improves the previous known upper bound…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-09-23 Sergey Volkov

Ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices have emerged as a scalable and promising platform for quantum simulation and computation. However, gate speeds remain a significant limitation for practical applications. In this work, we employ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-25 Juhi Singh , Jan A. P. Reuter , Tommaso Calarco , Felix Motzoi , Robert Zeier

We seek to develop better upper bound guarantees on the depth of quantum CZ gate, CNOT gate, and Clifford circuits than those reported previously. We focus on the number of qubits $n\,{\leq}\,$1,345,000 [1], which represents the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Dmitri Maslov , Ben Zindorf

Quantum computers have the potential to break classical cryptographic systems by efficiently solving problems such as the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem using Shor's algorithm. While resource estimates for factoring-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Quan Gu , Han Ye , Junjie Chen , Xiongfeng Ma

The paper presents a systematic study and implementation of a reconfigurable combinatorial multi-operand adder for use in Deep Learning systems. The size of carry changes with the number of operands and hence a reliable algorithm to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Shilpa Mayannavar , Uday Wali

We construct $n$-node graphs on which any $O(n)$-size spanner has additive error at least $+\Omega(n^{3/17})$, improving on the previous best lower bound of $\Omega(n^{1/7})$ [Bodwin-Hoppenworth FOCS '22]. Our construction completes the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Greg Bodwin , Gary Hoppenworth , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Nicole Wein , Zixuan Xu

This paper proposes a Low-Power, Energy Efficient 4-bit Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) adder design where the conventional 4-bit BCD adder has been modified with the Clock Gated Power Gating Technique. Moreover, the concept of DVT (Dual-vth)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Dipankar Saha , Subhramita Basak , Sagar Mukherjee , C. K. Sarkar

In order to formally understand the power of neural computing, we first need to crack the frontier of threshold circuits with two and three layers, a regime that has been surprisingly intractable to analyze. We prove the first super-linear…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Daniel M. Kane , Ryan Williams

Quantum circuits currently constitute a dominant model for quantum computation. Our work addresses the problem of constructing quantum circuits to implement an arbitrary given quantum computation, in the special case of two qubits. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Stephen S. Bullock , Igor L. Markov