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For positive integers $n,r,s$ with $r > s$, the set-coloring Ramsey number $R(n;r,s)$ is the minimum $N$ such that if every edge of the complete graph $K_N$ receives a set of $s$ colors from a palette of $r$ colors, then there is guaranteed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-24 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk , Jacques Verstraete

For graphs $G_1, G_2, G_3$, the three-color Ramsey number $R(G_1,$ $G_2, G_3)$ is the smallest integer $n$ such that if we arbitrarily color the edges of the complete graph of order $n$ with 3 colors, then it contains a monochromatic copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-29 Janusz Dybizbański , Tomasz Dzido , Stanisław Radziszowski

We determine the vertex-minor Ramsey number $\Rvm(4)=11$, where $\Rvm(k)$ is the smallest~$n$ such that every $n$-vertex graph contains the edgeless graph~$E_k$ as a vertex-minor. We prove this by an exhaustive classification of the graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Ji Ho Bae

For graphs $F$ and $H$, we say $F$ is Ramsey for $H$ if every $2$-coloring of the edges of $F$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The graph $F$ is Ramsey $H$-minimal if $F$ is Ramsey for $H$ and there is no proper subgraph $F'$ of $F$ so…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Andrey Grinshpun , Raj Raina , Rik Sengupta

The canonical Ramsey theorem of Erd\H{o}s and Rado implies that for any graph $H$, any edge-coloring (with an arbitrary number of colors) of a sufficiently large complete graph $K_N$ contains a monochromatic, lexicographic, or rainbow copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Lior Gishboliner , Aleksa Milojević , Benny Sudakov , Yuval Wigderson

The Ramsey's theorem says that a graph with sufficiently many vertices contains a clique or stable set with many vertices. Now we attach some parameter to every vertex, such as degree. Consider the case a graph with sufficiently many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Jin Sun

A graph $G$ is said to be $q$-Ramsey for a $q$-tuple of graphs $(H_1,\ldots,H_q)$, denoted by $G\to_q(H_1,\ldots,H_q)$, if every $q$-edge-coloring of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H_i$ in color $i,$ for some $i\in[q]$. Let…

Let $\omega(G)$ and $\chi(G)$ denote the clique number and chromatic number of a graph $G$, respectively. The {\em disjointness graph} of a family of curves (continuous arcs in the plane) is the graph whose vertices correspond to the curves…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-26 Janos Pach , Istvan Tomon

Given an acyclic oriented graph $\vec{H}$ and a graph $G$, we write $G \to \vec{H}$ if every orientation of $G$ has an oriented copy of $\vec{H}$. We define $\vec{R}(\vec{H})$ as the smallest number $n$ such that there exists a graph $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-21 Bruno Pasqualotto Cavalar

The degree-diameter problem asks for the maximum number of vertices in a graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ and diameter $k$. For fixed $k$, the answer is $\Theta(\Delta^k)$. We consider the degree-diameter problem for particular classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Guillermo Pineda-Villavicencio , David R. Wood

In this paper, we prove a tight minimum degree condition in general graphs for the existence of paths between two given endpoints, whose lengths form a long arithmetic progression with common difference one or two. This allows us to obtain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Jun Gao , Qingyi Huo , Chun-Hung Liu , Jie Ma

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number $gr_k(G : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow copy of $G$ or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Xihe Li , Ligong Wang

We determine the Ramsey number of a connected clique matching. That is, we show that if $G$ is a $2$-edge-coloured complete graph on $(r^2 - r - 1)n - r + 1$ vertices, then there is a monochromatic connected subgraph containing $n$ disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-25 Barnaby Roberts

Given a positive integer $s$, a graph $G$ is $s$-Ramsey for a graph $H$, denoted $G\rightarrow (H)_s$, if every $s$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The $s$-colour size-Ramsey number ${\hat{r}}_s(H)$ of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Jie Han , Matthew Jenssen , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Guilherme Oliveira Mota , Barnaby Roberts

The set-colouring Ramsey number $R_{r,s}(k)$ is defined to be the minimum $n$ such that if each edge of the complete graph $K_n$ is assigned a set of $s$ colours from $\{1,\ldots,r\}$, then one of the colours contains a monochromatic clique…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Lucas Aragão , Maurício Collares , João Pedro Marciano , Taísa Martins , Robert Morris

Given a pair of $k$-uniform hypergraphs $(G,H)$, the Ramsey number of $(G,H)$, denoted by $R(G,H)$, is the smallest integer $n$ such that in every red/blue-colouring of the edges of $K_n^{(k)}$ there exists a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Allan Lo

This paper begins by exploring some old and new results about Ramsey numbers and minimum numbers of monochromatic triangles in $2$-colorings of complete graphs, both in the disjoint and non-disjoint cases. We then extend the theory, by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Jamie Bishop , Rebekah Kuss , Benjamin Peet

We investigate Ramsey numbers of bounded degree graphs and provide an interpolation between known results on the Ramsey numbers of general bounded degree graphs and bounded degree graphs of small bandwidth. Our main theorem implies that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-24 Choongbum Lee

For a fixed infinite graph $H$, we study the largest density of a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to $H$ that can be found in every two-coloring of the edges of $K_{\mathbb{N}}$. This is called the Ramsey upper density of $H$, and was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-16 Ander Lamaison

A family $\mathcal{P}$ of subgraphs of $G$ is called a {\it path cover} (resp. a {\it path partition}) of $G$ if $\bigcup _{P\in \mathcal{P}}V(P)=V(G)$ (resp. $\dot\bigcup _{P\in \mathcal{P}}V(P)=V(G)$) and every element of $\mathcal{P}$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Shuya Chiba , Michitaka Furuya