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Sea surface height anomalies observed by satellites in 1993--2012 are combined with simulation and observations by surface drifters and Argo floats to study water flow pattern in the Near Strait (NS) connected the Pacific Ocean with the…
The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the Earth's strongest climate fluctuation on inter-annual time-scales and has global impacts although originating in the tropical Pacific. Many point indices have been developed to describe ENSO…
The strengthening of the zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient observed in the tropical Pacific in recent decades is a regional climate change signal that may be outside the range of historical simulations with comprehensive climate…
The dynamics of the ocean mixed layer is of central importance in determining the fluxes of momentum, heat, gases, and particulates between the ocean and the atmosphere. A prominent component of mixed layer dynamics is the appearance of a…
Wind forcing injects energy into the mesoscale eddies and near-inertial waves (NIWs) in the ocean, and the NIW is believed to solve the puzzle of mesoscale energy budget by absorbing energy from mesoscale eddies followed by a forward…
The oceans play a fundamental role in Earth's climate system, redistributing heat and influencing global and regional climate variability and predictability across weather and climate timescales. The benefits of ocean-atmosphere coupling…
Rotation in planetary atmospheres plays an important role in regulating atmospheric and oceanic heat flow, cloud formation and precipitation. Using the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) three dimension General Circulation Model…
Supernova explosions, active galactic nuclei jets, galaxy--galaxy interactions and cluster mergers can drive turbulence in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and in the intracluster medium (ICM). However, the exact nature of turbulence forced…
Evidence from seismic studies, mineral physics, thermal evolution models and geomagnetic observations is inconclusive about the presence of a stably stratified layer at the top of the Earth's fluid outer core. Such a convectively stable…
Recently the global average temperature has temporarily exceeded the 1.5{\deg}C goal of the Paris Agreement, and so an overshoot of various climate tipping elements becomes increasingly likely. In this study we analyze the physical…
Through basin-scale circulations, the ocean regulates global distributions of heat, nutrients, and greenhouse gases. To properly predict the future of the ocean under climate change, we need to develop a thorough understanding of the…
Energy flux is an acoustic propagation model that calculates the locally-averaged intensity without computing explicit eigenvalues or tracing rays. The energy flux method has so far only been used for two-dimensional problems that have…
The evolution of surface gravity waves is driven by nonlinear interactions that trigger an energy cascade similarly to the one observed in hydrodynamic turbulence. This process, known as wave turbulence, has been found to display anomalous…
The relation between the flux of temperature (or buoyancy), the vertical temperature gradient and the height above the bottom, is investigated in an oceanographic context, using high-resolution temperature measurements. The model for the…
In the stably stratified ocean, small-scale turbulence is important for vertical exchange and hence for the mixing of water masses and suspended matter. To observationally study turbulent motions and the buoyancy- and shear-generators…
Understanding how climate change will affect oceanic fluid transport is crucial for environmental applications and human activities. However, a synoptic characterization of the influence of climate change on mesoscale stirring and transport…
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a crucial ocean current system, could transition to a weak state. Despite severe associated climate impacts, assessing the AMOC's response under global warming and its proximity to…
Nine years of mesospheric wind data from two meteor radars at 52{\deg}N latitude were analyzed to investigate planetary waves (PWs) and tides by estimating their zonal wavenumber through longitudinal phase differences. Our results reveal…
Ocean waves provide a consistent, reliable source of clean energy making them a viable energy source for desalination. Ocean wave energy is useful to coastal communities, especially island nations. However, large capital costs render…
Understanding local currents in the North Atlantic region of the ocean is a key part of modelling heat transfer and global climate patterns. Satellites provide a surface signature of the temperature of the ocean with a high horizontal…