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Sorted lists of integers are commonly used in inverted indexes and database systems. They are often compressed in memory. We can use the SIMD instructions available in common processors to boost the speed of integer compression schemes. Our…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Daniel Lemire , Leonid Boytsov , Nathan Kurz

In this work we consider a generalization of the well-studied problem of coding for ``stuck-at'' errors, which we refer to as ``strong stuck-at'' codes. In the traditional framework of stuck-at codes, the task involves encoding a message…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Roni Con , Ryan Gabrys , Eitan Yaakobi

Compression algorithms are important for data oriented tasks, especially in the era of Big Data. Modern processors equipped with powerful SIMD instruction sets, provide us an opportunity for achieving better compression performance.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-04-15 Wayne Xin Zhao , Xudong Zhang , Daniel Lemire , Dongdong Shan , Jian-Yun Nie , Hongfei Yan , Ji-Rong Wen

In this paper, we study a new problem arising from the emerging MPEG standardization effort Video Coding for Machine (VCM), which aims to bridge the gap between visual feature compression and classical video coding. VCM is committed to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-10 Sifeng Xia , Kunchangtai Liang , Wenhan Yang , Ling-Yu Duan , Jiaying Liu

We investigate the task of retrieving information from compositional distributed representations formed by Hyperdimensional Computing/Vector Symbolic Architectures and present novel techniques which achieve new information rate bounds.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Denis Kleyko , Connor Bybee , Ping-Chen Huang , Christopher J. Kymn , Bruno A. Olshausen , E. Paxon Frady , Friedrich T. Sommer

Decompilation is the procedure of transforming binary programs into a high-level representation, such as source code, for human analysts to examine. While modern decompilers can reconstruct and recover much information that is discarded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Pratyay Banerjee , Kuntal Kumar Pal , Fish Wang , Chitta Baral

Transformers are central in modern natural language processing and computer vision applications. Despite recent works devoted to reducing the quadratic cost of such models (as a function of the sequence length), dealing with ultra long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zhanpeng Zeng , Cole Hawkins , Mingyi Hong , Aston Zhang , Nikolaos Pappas , Vikas Singh , Shuai Zheng

Large language models face significant computational bottlenecks during inference due to the expensive output layer computation over large vocabularies. We present CSV-Decode, a novel approach that uses geometric upper bounds to construct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu , Ben Lengerich

Polar codes are widely used in modern communication systems due to their capacity-achieving properties. This paper investigates the importance of coded bits in the decoding process of polar codes and aims to determine which bits contribute…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Hossam Hassan , Ali Gaber , Mohammed Karmoose , Noha Korany

In recent years, the proliferation of multimedia applications and formats, such as IPTV, Virtual Reality (VR, 360-degree), and point cloud videos, has presented new challenges to the video compression research community. Simultaneously,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-23 Thomas Amestoy , Naty Sidaty , Wassim Hamidouche , Pierrick Philippe , Daniel Menard

Modern video codecs have been extensively optimized to preserve perceptual quality, leveraging models of the human visual system. However, in split inference systems-where intermediate features from neural network are transmitted instead of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Md Eimran Hossain Eimon , Ashan Perera , Juan Merlos , Velibor Adzic , Hari Kalva

The promising improvement in compression efficiency of Versatile Video Coding (VVC) compared to High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) comes at the cost of a non-negligible encoder side complexity. The largely increased complexity overhead is…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yiqun Liu , Mohsen Abdoli , Thomas Guionnet , Christine Guillemot , Aline Roumy

The dominant data interchange formats encode integers using a variable number of bytes or represent floating-point numbers as variable-length UTF-8 strings. The decoder must inspect each byte for a continuation bit or parse each character…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Andrew Sampson , Yuta Saito , Ronny Chan

In language processing, transformers benefit greatly from text being condensed. This is achieved through a larger vocabulary that captures word fragments instead of plain characters. This is often done with Byte Pair Encoding. In the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Tim Elsner , Paula Usinger , Julius Nehring-Wirxel , Gregor Kobsik , Victor Czech , Yanjiang He , Isaak Lim , Leif Kobbelt

Compression can sometimes improve performance by making more of the data available to the processors faster. We consider the compression of integer keys in a B+-tree index. For this purpose, systems such as IBM DB2 use variable-byte…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Daniel Lemire , Christoph Rupp

Compression for machines is an emerging field, where inputs are encoded while optimizing the performance of downstream automated analysis. In scalable coding for humans and machines, the compressed representation used for machines is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Alon Harell , Yalda Foroutan , Ivan V. Bajic

A prescription to calculate the minimum number of bits needed for binary strip detector readout is presented. This permits a systematic analysis of the readout efficiency relative to this theoretical minimum number of bits. Different level…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-17 Maurice Garcia-Sciveres , Xinkang Wang

As the parameter size of large language models (LLMs) continues to expand, the need for a large memory footprint and high communication bandwidth have become significant bottlenecks for the training and inference of LLMs. To mitigate these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Ceyu Xu , Yongji Wu , Xinyu Yang , Beidi Chen , Matthew Lentz , Danyang Zhuo , Lisa Wu Wills

A range of recent works addresses the problem of compression of sequence of tokens into a shorter sequence of real-valued vectors to be used as inputs instead of token embeddings or key-value cache. These approaches are focused on reduction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuri Kuratov , Mikhail Arkhipov , Aydar Bulatov , Mikhail Burtsev

The optimization of the energy demand is crucial for modern video codecs. Previous studies show that the energy demand of VVC decoders can be improved by more than 50% if specific coding tools are disabled in the encoder. However, those…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Matthias Kränzler , Adam Wieckowski , Geetha Ramasubbu , Benjamin Bross , André Kaup , Detlev Marpe , Christian Herglotz