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This paper develops a theory of competitive equilibrium with indivisible goods based entirely on economic conditions on demand. The key idea is to analyze complementarity and substitutability between bundles of goods, rather than merely…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-12-12 Ravi Jagadeesan , Alexander Teytelboym

We study Fisher markets that admit equilibria wherein each good is integrally assigned to some agent. While strong existence and computational guarantees are known for equilibria of Fisher markets with additive valuations, such equilibria,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Siddharth Barman , Sanath Kumar Krishnamurthy

We formulate the problem of fair and efficient completion of indivisible goods, defined as follows: Given a partial allocation of indivisible goods among agents, does there exist an allocation of the remaining goods (i.e., a completion)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Vishwa Prakash HV , Ayumi Igarashi , Rohit Vaish

We show that, with indivisible goods, the existence of competitive equilibrium fundamentally depends on agents' substitution effects, not their income effects. Our Equilibrium Existence Duality allows us to transport results on the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-07-01 Elizabeth Baldwin , Omer Edhan , Ravi Jagadeesan , Paul Klemperer , Alexander Teytelboym

Competitive equilibrium from equal incomes (CEEI) is a classic solution to the problem of fair and efficient allocation of goods [Foley'67, Varian'74]. Every agent receives an equal budget of artificial currency with which to purchase…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Moshe Babaioff , Noam Nisan , Inbal Talgam-Cohen

We study competitive equilibrium in the canonical Fisher market model, but with indivisible goods. In this model, every agent has a budget of artificial currency with which to purchase bundles of goods. Equilibrium prices match between…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Moshe Babaioff , Noam Nisan , Inbal Talgam-Cohen

We study the problem of allocating indivisible goods among agents with additive valuation functions to achieve both fairness and efficiency under the constraint that each agent receives exactly the same number of goods (the \emph{balanced…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yasushi Kawase , Ryoga Mahara

In fair division, equitability dictates that each participant receives the same level of utility. In this work, we study equitable allocations of indivisible goods among agents with additive valuations. While prior work has studied…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Rupert Freeman , Sujoy Sikdar , Rohit Vaish , Lirong Xia

We consider two sided matching markets consisting of agents with non-transferable utilities; agents from the opposite sides form matching pairs (e.g., buyers-sellers) and negotiate the terms of their math which may include a monetary…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-05 Saeed Alaei , Kamal Jain , Azarakhsh Malekian

Equilibrium computation in markets usually considers settings where player valuation functions are known. We consider the setting where player valuations are unknown; using a PAC learning-theoretic framework, we analyze some classes of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Vignesh Viswanathan , Omer Lev , Neel Patel , Yair Zick

Equitable allocation of indivisible items involves partitioning the items among agents such that everyone derives (almost) equal utility. We consider the approximate notion of \textit{equitability up to one item} (EQ1) and focus on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Hadi Hosseini , Aditi Sethia

Competitive equilibrium (CE) is a fundamental concept in market economics. Its efficiency and fairness properties make it particularly appealing as a rule for fair allocation of resources among agents with possibly different entitlements.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Erel Segal-Halevi

We study equilibria of markets with $m$ heterogeneous indivisible goods and $n$ consumers with combinatorial preferences. It is well known that a competitive equilibrium is not guaranteed to exist when valuations are not gross substitutes.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-04 Shahar Dobzinski , Michal Feldman , Inbal Talgam-Cohen , Omri Weinstein

Fair resource allocation is an important problem in many real-world scenarios, where resources such as goods and chores must be allocated among agents. In this survey, we delve into the intricacies of fair allocation, focusing specifically…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Shaily Mishra , Manisha Padala , Sujit Gujar

In markets with budget-constrained buyers, competitive equilibria need not be efficient in the utilitarian sense, or maximise the seller's revenue. We consider a setting with multiple divisible goods. Competitive equilibrium outcomes, and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-04-09 Simon Finster , Paul W. Goldberg , Edwin Lock

We consider the problem of fairly dividing a set of items. Much of the fair division literature assumes that the items are `goods' i.e., they yield positive utility for the agents. There is also some work where the items are `chores' that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Haris Aziz , Ioannis Caragiannis , Ayumi Igarashi , Toby Walsh

The theory of algorithmic fair allocation is within the center of multi-agent systems and economics in the last decade due to its industrial and social importance. At a high level, the problem is to assign a set of items that are either…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Haris Aziz , Bo Li , Herve Moulin , Xiaowei Wu

This paper studies Markov perfect equilibria in a repeated duopoly model where sellers choose algorithms. An algorithm is a mapping from the competitor's price to own price. Once set, algorithms respond quickly. Customers arrive randomly…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-07-04 Rohit Lamba , Sergey Zhuk

Two simple and attractive mechanisms for the fair division of indivisible goods in an online setting are LIKE and BALANCED LIKE. We study some fundamental computational problems concerning the outcomes of these mechanisms. In particular, we…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Martin Aleksandrov , Toby Walsh

Matching markets are of particular interest in computer science and economics literature as they are often used to model real-world phenomena where we aim to equitably distribute a limited amount of resources to multiple agents and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Andrew Yang , Bruce Changlong Xu , Ivan Villa-Renteria
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