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Electricity markets are experiencing a rapid increase in energy storage unit participation. Unlike conventional generation resources, quantifying the competitive operation and identifying if a storage unit is exercising market power is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Yiqian Wu , Bolun Xu , James Anderson

High shares of variable renewable energy necessitate substantial energy storage capacity. However, it remains unclear how to design a market that, on the one hand, ensures a stable and sufficient income for storage firms, and, on the other…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-06 Aviad Navon , Juri Belikov , Ariel Orda , Yoash Levron

Quantity and price risks are key uncertainties market participants face in electricity markets with increased volatility, for instance, due to high shares of renewables. From day ahead until real-time, there is a large variation in the best…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-21 Paul E. Seifert , Emil Kraft , Steffen Bakker , Stein-Erik Fleten

Economic withholding in electricity markets refers to generators bidding higher than their true marginal fuel cost, and is a typical approach to exercising market power. However, existing market designs require storage to design bids…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Xin Qin , Ioannis Lestas , Bolun Xu

This paper introduces and rationalizes a new model for bidding and clearing energy storage resources in wholesale energy markets. Charge and discharge bids in this model depend on the storage state-of-charge (SoC). In this setting, storage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-27 Ningkun Zheng , Xin Qin , Di Wu , Gabe Murtaugh , Bolun Xu

The growing integration of renewable energy sources necessitates adequate reserve capacity to maintain power balance. However, in market clearing, power companies with flexible resources may submit strategic bids to maximize profits,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Yun Xu , Yunxiao Bai , Yunyong Zhang , Peng Wang , Xuelin Wang , Jiqun Guo , Kaijun Xie , Rusheng Zhao

Electricity markets typically clear in two stages: a day-ahead market and a real-time market. In this paper, we propose market mechanisms for a two-stage multi-interval electricity market with energy storage, generators, and demand…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-08 Rajni Kant Bansal , Enrique Mallada , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez

Renewable resources are starting to constitute a growing portion of the total generation mix of the power system. A key difference between renewables and traditional generators is that many renewable resources are managed by individuals,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Pan Li , Shreyas Sekar , Baosen Zhang

This paper studies the duopoly competition between renewable energy suppliers with or without energy storage in a local energy market. The storage investment brings the benefits of stabilizing renewable energy suppliers' outputs, but it…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-15 Dongwei Zhao , Hao Wang , Jianwei Huang , Xiaojun Lin

Recent studies show that the fast growing expansion of wind power generation may lead to extremely high levels of price volatility in wholesale electricity markets. Storage technologies, regardless of their specific forms e.g. pump-storage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Amin Masoumzadeh , Ehsan Nekouei , Tansu Alpcan , Deb Chattopadhyay

We study the price impact of storage facilities in electricity markets and analyze the long-term profitability of these facilities in prospective scenarios of energy transition. To this end, we begin by characterizing the optimal operating…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-17 Roxana Dumitrescu , Redouane Silvente , Peter Tankov

We show how to value both variable generation and energy storage to enable them to be integrated fairly and optimally into electricity capacity markets. We develop theory based on balancing expected energy unserved against costs of capacity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Stan Zachary , Amy Wilson , Chris Dent

Energy storage shifts energy from off-peak periods to on-peak periods. Unlike conventional generation, storage is duration-limited: the stored energy capacity constrains the duration over which it can supply power. To understand how these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Daniel Shen , Marija Ilic , John Parsons

Liberalized electricity markets often include resource adequacy mechanisms that require consumers to contract with generation resources well in advance of real-time operations. While administratively defined mechanisms have most commonly…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-25 Han Shu , Jacob Mays

The increasing reliance on renewable energy generation means that storage may well play a much greater role in the balancing of future electricity systems. We show how heterogeneous stores, differing in capacity and rate constraints, may be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Stan Zachary , Simon Tindemans , Michael Evans , James Cruise , David Angeli

Energy market designs with non-merchant storage have been proposed in recent years, with the aim of achieving optimal market integration of storage. In order to handle the time-linking constraints that are introduced in such markets,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Linde Frölke , Eléa Prat , Pierre Pinson , Richard M. Lusby , Jalal Kazempour

This paper proposes a market mechanism for multi-interval electricity markets with generator and storage participants. Drawing ideas from supply function bidding, we introduce a novel bid structure for storage participation that allows…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-18 Rajni Kant Bansal , Pengcheng You , Dennice F. Gayme , Enrique Mallada

An energy storage technology is valuable if it makes energy systems cheaper. Traditional ways to improve storage technologies are to reduce their costs; however, the cheapest energy storage is not always the most valuable in energy systems.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Maximilian Parzen , Fabian Neumann , Addrian H. Van Der Weijde , Daniel Friedrich , Aristides Kiprakis

The increasing penetration of renewable energy necessitates improved power system flexibility, driving the deployment of independent energy storage operators (ESOs). Existing research extensively investigates capacity sizing for price-taker…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Lizhong Zhang , Junqi Liu , Jianxiao Wang , Lei Zhu

Energy storage can facilitate the integration of renewable energy resources by providing arbitrage and ancillary services. Jointly optimizing energy and ancillary services in a centralized electricity market reduces the system's operating…

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