Related papers: Local loop near-rings
We consider a classification problem of ideals by codimension in case rings are the local rings of irreducible curve singularities. In this paper, we introduce a systematic method to solve this problem.
In this contribution we introduce local attachment as an universal network-joining protocol for peer-to-peer networks, social networks, or other kinds of networks. Based on this protocol nodes in a finite-size network dynamically create…
We define, via Gorenstein homomorphisms, a class of local rings over which there exist non-trivial totally reflexive modules. We also provide a general construction of such rings, which indicates their abundance.
Recent work in Relative Locality has shown that the theory allows for a solution of an on-shell causal loop. We show that the theory contains a different type of a loop in which locally momenta are conserved, but there is no global momentum…
The covering number of an associative ring $R$ is the minimal number of proper subrings whose union is $R$. We establish a strategy to classify unital rings of a given finite covering number, and obtain a classification of unital rings…
In this paper, we study the fundamental properties of Leibniz rings. Special attention is given to the structure of Leibniz rings whose additive group is "small". The results obtained illustrate a significant difference between the classes…
The article is developing homological algebra in modules over non-unital rings and algebras. The main application is the definition and study of (directed) homology of $(\infty,1)$-categories and of directed spaces, including relative…
We gather some classical results and examples that show strict inclusion between the families of unital rings, rings with enough idempotents, rings with sets of local units, locally unital rings, s-unital rings and idempotent rings.
In this paper, we introduce variants of formal nearby cycles for a locally noetherian formal scheme over a complete discrete valuation ring. If the formal scheme is locally algebraizable, then our nearby cycle gives a generalization of…
A new class of rings, the class of left localizable rings, is introduced. A ring $R$ is left localizable if each nonzero element of $R$ is invertible in some left localization $S^{-1}R$ of the ring $R$. Explicit criteria are given for a…
When training automated systems, it has been shown to be beneficial to adapt the representation of data by learning a problem-specific metric. This metric is global. We extend this idea and, for the widely used family of k nearest neighbors…
In what follows we generalize the notion of a complemented ring to rings that are not necessarily reduced. We then determine how our concepts fit in with other well-known classes of rings.
Using Conley theory we show that local attractors remain (past) attractors under small non-autonomous perturbations. In particular, the attractors of the perturbed systems will have positive invariant neighborhoods and converge upper…
Quantum systems of physical interest are often local, but there are at least three competing perspectives on how "locality" should be formalized: an algebraic framework, a path-integral framework, and a lattice framework. One puzzle in this…
We attach a ring of sequences to each number from a certain class of extremal real numbers, and we study the properties of this ring both from an analytic point of view by exhibiting elements with specific behaviors, and also from an…
Lattice rounding in Euclidean space can be viewed as finding the nearest point in the orbit of an action by a discrete group, relative to the norm inherited from the ambient space. Using this point of view, we initiate the study of…
We introduce a class of rings, namely the class of left or right $p$-nil rings, for which the adjoint groups behave regularly. Every $p$-ring is close to being left or right $p$-nil in the sense that it contains a large ideal belonging to…
Locality is a fundamental principle used extensively in program and system optimization. It can be measured in many ways. This paper formalizes the metrics of locality into a measurement theory. The new theory includes the precise…
In this paper, we show examples of local cohomology modules over ramified regular local ring, having finite set of associated primes. In doing so we consider our ramified regular local ring as Eisenstein extension of an unramified regular…
Two simple "simplicial approximation" tricks are invoked to prove basic results involving (co)-homology with local coefficients.