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We present a sparse linear system solver that is based on a multifrontal variant of Gaussian elimination, and exploits low-rank approximation of the resulting dense frontal matrices. We use hierarchically semiseparable (HSS) matrices, which…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Pieter Ghysels , Xiaoye S. Li , Francois-Henry Rouet , Samuel Williams , Artem Napov

Randomized sampling has recently been proven a highly efficient technique for computing approximate factorizations of matrices that have low numerical rank. This paper describes an extension of such techniques to a wider class of matrices…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Per-Gunnar Martinsson

We present a parallel hierarchical solver for general sparse linear systems on distributed-memory machines. For large-scale problems, this fully algebraic algorithm is faster and more memory-efficient than sparse direct solvers because it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-21 Chao Chen , Hadi Pouransari , Sivasankaran Rajamanickam , Erik G. Boman , Eric Darve

We present a unification and generalization of what is known in the literature as sequentially and hierarchically semi-separable (SSS and HSS) representations for matrices. Describing rank-structured representations of (inverses of) sparse…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Nithin Govindarajan , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , Patrick Dewilde

While quantum algorithms for solving large scale systems of linear equations offer potentially exponential speedups, their application has largely been confined to sparse matrices. This work extends the scope of these algorithms to a broad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Kun Tang , Jun Lai

Structured dense matrices result from boundary integral problems in electrostatics and geostatistics, and also Schur complements in sparse preconditioners such as multi-frontal methods. Exploiting the structure of such matrices can reduce…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-03 Sameer Deshmukh , Qinxiang Ma , Rio Yokota , George Bosilca

Modern large language models (LLMs) place extraordinary pressure on memory and compute budgets, making principled compression indispensable for both deployment and continued training. We present Hierarchical Sparse Plus Low-Rank (HSS)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Pawan Kumar , Aditi Gupta

A randomized algorithm for computing a data sparse representation of a given rank structured matrix $A$ (a.k.a. an $H$-matrix) is presented. The algorithm draws on the randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD), and operates under the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-25 James Levitt , Per-Gunnar Martinsson

The parallel algorithm for loading large sparse matrices from files into distributed memories of high performance computing (HPC) systems is presented. This algorithm was designed specially for matrices stored in files in the space-effcient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-30 Daniel Langr , Ivan Šimeček , Pavel Tvrdík

Hierarchical matrices are space and time efficient representations of dense matrices that exploit the low rank structure of matrix blocks at different levels of granularity. The hierarchically low rank block partitioning produces…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Wajih Halim Boukaram , George Turkiyyah , David E. Keyes

The hierarchical matrix framework partitions matrices into subblocks that are either small or of low numerical rank, enabling linear storage complexity and efficient matrix-vector multiplication. This work focuses on the $H^2$-matrix format…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Anna Yesypenko , Per-Gunnar Martinsson

A randomized algorithm for computing a compressed representation of a given rank-structured matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{N\times N}$ is presented. The algorithm interacts with $A$ only through its action on vectors. Specifically, it draws two…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-25 James Levitt , Per-Gunnar Martinsson

We present a fast algorithm for linear least squares problems governed by hierarchically block separable (HBS) matrices. Such matrices are generally dense but data-sparse and can describe many important operators including those derived…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Kenneth L. Ho , Leslie Greengard

Identifying similar protein sequences is a core step in many computational biology pipelines such as detection of homologous protein sequences, generation of similarity protein graphs for downstream analysis, functional annotation and gene…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Oguz Selvitopi , Saliya Ekanayake , Giulia Guidi , Georgios Pavlopoulos , Ariful Azad , Aydin Buluc

In this paper, an efficient divide-and-conquer (DC) algorithm is proposed for the symmetric tridiagonal matrices based on ScaLAPACK and the hierarchically semiseparable (HSS) matrices. HSS is an important type of rank-structured…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-12-27 Shengguo Li , Francois-Henry Rouet , Jie Liu , Chun Huang , Xingyu Gao , Xuebin Chi

This paper presents an efficient method to perform Structured Matrix Approximation by Separation and Hierarchy (SMASH), when the original dense matrix is associated with a kernel function. Given points in a domain, a tree structure is first…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Difeng Cai , Edmond Chow , Yousef Saad , Yuanzhe Xi

Generalized sparse matrix-matrix multiplication is a key primitive for many high performance graph algorithms as well as some linear solvers such as multigrid. We present the first parallel algorithms that achieve increasing speedups for an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Aydın Buluç , John R. Gilbert

The parallel linear equations solver capable of effectively using 1000+ processors becomes the bottleneck of large-scale implicit engineering simulations. In this paper, we present a new hierarchical parallel master-slave-structural…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Ran Xu , Bin Liu , Yuan Dong

This paper describes the adaptation of a well-scaling parallel algorithm for computing Morse-Smale segmentations based on path compression to a distributed computational setting. Additionally, we extend the algorithm to efficiently compute…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Michael Will , Jonas Lukasczyk , Julien Tierny , Christoph Garth

When solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using finite difference or finite element methods, efficient solvers are required for handling large sparse linear systems. In this paper, a recursive sparse LU decomposition for matrices…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Zhu Xuanru , Lai Jun
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