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We calculate, using our recently proposed semiclassical framework, the quantum state of the Hawking pairs that are produced during the evaporation of a black hole (BH). Our framework adheres to the standard rules of quantum mechanics and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-18 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

Investigations into Hawking radiation often assume a black hole model featuring an event horizon, despite the growing consensus that such causal structures may not exist in nature. While this assumption is not crucial for deriving the local…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-02 Ivan Agullo , Paula Calizaya Cabrera , Beatriz Elizaga Navascués

We investigate an entangled system, which is analogous to a composite system of a black hole and Hawking radiation. If Hawking radiation is well approximated by an outgoing particle generated from pair creation around the black hole, such a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-27 Junha Hwang , Hyosub Park , Dong-han Yeom , Heeseung Zoe

Hawking's black hole evaporation process suggests that we may need to choose between quantum unitarity and other basic physical principles such as no-signalling, entanglement monogamy, and the equivalence principle. We here provide a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-05 Ali Akil , Oscar Dahlsten , Leonardo Modesto

The mechanisms which give rise to Hawking radiation are revealed by analyzing in detail pair production in the presence of horizons. In preparation for the black hole problem, three preparatory problems are dwelt with at length: pair…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Robert Brout , Serge Massar , Renaud Parentani , Philippe Spindel

The unitary evaporation of a black hole (BH) in an initially pure state must lead to the eventual purification of the emitted radiation. It follows that the late radiation has to be entangled with the early radiation and, as a consequence,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-03 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

In this work, we describe optically inspired models for unitary black hole (BH) evaporation. The goal of these models are (i) to be operationally simple, (ii) approximately preserve the thermal nature of the emitted Hawking Radiation (HR),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-16 Paul M. Alsing

We consider a quantum circuit model describing the evaporation process of black holes. We specifically examine the behavior of the multipartite entanglement represented by this model, and find that the entanglement structure depends on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-14 Tomoro Tokusumi , Akira Matsumura , Yasusada Nambu

If a black hole (BH) is initially in an approximately pure state and it evaporates by a unitary process, then the emitted radiation will be in a highly quantum state. As the purifier of this radiation, the state of the BH interior must also…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-30 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

Black hole evaporation is one of the most striking phenomena at the interface between gravity and quantum physics. In Hawking's semi-classical treatment, where matter is quantum mechanical and the spacetime is definite and classical,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-24 Ali Akil , Lorenzo Giannelli , Leonardo Modesto , Oscar Dahlsten , Giulio Chiribella , Caslav Brukner

We present a new avenue to black hole evaporation using a heat-kernel approach analogous as for the Schwinger effect. Applying this method to an uncharged massless scalar field in a Schwarzschild spacetime, we show that spacetime curvature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-05 Michael F. Wondrak , Walter D. van Suijlekom , Heino Falcke

A coherent picture of the quantum mechanics of a collapse-formed, evaporating black hole is presented. In a distant frame, semiclassical theory in the zone describes microscopic dynamics of only the "hard modes," the modes that are hard…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-04-17 Yasunori Nomura

The current scenario of black hole evaporation holds that the Hawking energy flux $F$ is powered by pair creation at the horizon. However, pair creation produces entanglements, some of which must necessarily be broken before the black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-20 Werner Israel

We investigate a recently proposed model for a full quantum description of two-dimensional black hole evaporation, in which a reflecting boundary condition is imposed in the strong coupling region. It is shown that in this model each…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Kareljan Schoutens , Erik Verlinde , Herman Verlinde

The main topic of this talk is the Hawking effect when the black holes in question are undergoing a uniform acceleration. The semiclassical effect of the acceleration is most striking when the Hawking temperature equals the acceleration…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Piljin Yi

We present a unitary phenomenological model for black hole evaporation based on the analogy of the laboratory process of spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) when the black hole (pump) is allowed to deplete to zero mass. The model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-11 Paul M. Alsing

A black hole evaporates by Hawking radiation. Each mode of that radiation is thermal. If the total state is nevertheless to be pure, modes must be entangled. Estimating the minimum size of this entanglement has been an important outstanding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-22 Erik Aurell , Lucas Hackl , Paweł Horodecki , Robert H. Jonsson , Mario Kieburg

Two particles, initially in a product state, become entangled when they come together and start to interact. Using semiclassical methods, we calculate the time evolution of the corresponding reduced density matrix $\rho_1$, obtained by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Philippe Jacquod

We investigate the dynamical formation and evaporation of a spherically symmetric charged black hole. We study the self-consistent one loop order semiclassical back-reaction problem. To this end the mass-evaporation is modeled by an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Evgeny Sorkin , Tsvi Piran

We argue that a simple modification of the TeV scale quantum gravity scenario allows production of semiclassical black holes in particle collisions at the LHC. The key idea is that in models with large extra dimensions the strength of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Dvali , S. Sibiryakov
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